ガス惑星の衛星システムに共通する質量スケーリング
Robin M Canup1, William R Ward
1Space Studies Department, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, Colorado 80302, USA. robin@boulder.swri.edu
Nature
|June 17, 2006
まとめ
私たちの太陽系の巨大惑星には,質量分子が不思議に小さい月系があります. 新しいモデルによると,これは物質供給とガスによる軌道崩壊のバランスによって制御されている.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学 惑星科学
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- 太陽系形成 太陽系形成について
背景:
- 外部惑星 (木星,土星,天王星) には複数の衛星がある.
- これらの月系は,一貫した,小さな分数 (約. 宿主惑星の質量の10^-4) に等しい.
- この低質量分子は,地球に比べて月よりもかなり小さいので,長い間謎に包まれています.
研究 の 目的:
- ガス巨大惑星の周りの衛星システムの形成と進化をモデル化する.
- 太陽系外側の惑星の周りの月系における観測された質量分数を説明するために.
- 惑星形成中に衛星の成長と損失を調節するプロセスを調査する.
主な方法:
- 衛星の成長と損失をシミュレートする数値モデルを開発した.
- 形成中の巨大惑星によるガスと固体の蓄積を組み込んだ.
- 衛星への物質供給と,惑星周りのガスディスクによって引き起こされる軌道崩壊の相互作用を分析した.
主要な成果:
- モデルは,観測された質量分数 (約. 木星,土星,天王星の衛星システムの10 ^ - 4です.
- 流入する物質供給とガス駆動衛星の軌道崩壊のバランスが,この質量分子を調節する.
- このモデルは,これらのプロセスが,巨大な惑星の月系における観測された性質を自然に導いていることを示唆している.
結論:
- 巨大惑星の衛星システムの共通の低質量分子は,形成過程の自然な結果である.
- 衛星の増殖とガスによる軌道崩壊の競合するプロセスは,重要な調節因子である.
- 類似したメカニズムは,太陽系外のガス巨大惑星の周りの衛星の大きさを制限する可能性がある.
関連する概念動画
Acceleration due to Gravity on Other Planets
3.4K
The gravitational acceleration of an object near the Earth's surface is called the acceleration due to gravity. It can be measured by conducting simple experiments on Earth. However, such an experiment is impossible to conduct on the surface of other planets.
Astronomical observations are thus used to measure the acceleration due to gravity on other planets. This can be determined by observing the effect of a planet's gravity on objects close to it. The crucial factor that helps in this...
Astronomical observations are thus used to measure the acceleration due to gravity on other planets. This can be determined by observing the effect of a planet's gravity on objects close to it. The crucial factor that helps in this...
3.4K
Circular Orbits and Critical Velocity for Satellites
2.9K
The Moon orbits around the Earth. In turn, the Earth (and other planets) orbit the Sun. The space directly above our atmosphere is filled with artificial satellites in orbit. One can examine the circular orbit, the simplest kind of orbit, to understand the relationship between the speed and the period of planets and satellites with respect to their positions and the bodies that they orbit.
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) first suggested that the Earth and all other planets orbit the Sun in...
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) first suggested that the Earth and all other planets orbit the Sun in...
2.9K
Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion
4.9K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
4.9K
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion
4.7K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
4.7K
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion
3.6K
In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
3.6K
Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses
1.5K
The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.
1.5K


