コンタクトレンズやその他の微生物性角膜炎の危険因子
J K Dart1, F Stapleton, D Minassian
1Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 14, 1991
まとめ
コンタクトレンズの着用は,深刻な眼感染症である微生物性角膜炎のリスクを大幅に高めます. ソフトコンタクトレンズの長時間着用は,他のレンズタイプと比較して最も高いリスクをもたらします.
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 微生物性角膜炎 (Microbial keratitis) は,まれながらも重度の眼疾患であり,主にコンタクトレンズ (CL) 使用に関連しています.
- CLの磨損やその他の原因に関連する特定のリスクを理解することは,予防に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- コンタクトレンズの着用による相対的なリスクと,微生物による角膜炎に寄与する他の要因を評価する.
- CL使用に関連した微生物性角膜炎の集団関連リスクを定量化するために.
主な方法:
- 症例対照試験は,コンタクトレンズ使用者60人を含む91人の角膜炎症例を対象に実施されました.
- 相対リスク (RR) と集団によるリスク比率 (PAR%) は,様々な原因とCLタイプで計算されました.
主要な成果:
- コンタクトレンズの着用は,予備条件のない症例と比較して,角膜炎の高い相対リスク (RR=80) を示した.
- コンタクトレンズの着用は,微生物性角膜炎の発生リスクの65%を占めた.
- 日常着用ソフトレンズ (RR=3.6) やハードレンズ (RR=1.3) よりも,長時間着用したソフトレンズのリスクが著しく高かった (RR=21).
結論:
- コンタクトレンズの着用は,微生物による角膜炎の主要な原因であり,特に柔らかい延長着用レンズです.
- 6日以上コンタクトレンズを継続的に着用すると,視力を脅かすこの症状を発症するリスクが高まります.
関連する概念動画
Skin Diseases and Disorders
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Glaucoma: Overview
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Focusing of Light in the Eye
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Microbiome of the Eye
The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Diabetic Retinopathy
DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...


