もっとお金持ちだったら幸せになれるのか? 集中する錯覚です
Daniel Kahneman1, Alan B Krueger, David Schkade
1Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 1, 2006
まとめ
高い収入は,一般的な信念にもかかわらず,瞬間的幸福を大幅に改善しません. 生活の満足度が上昇するかもしれませんが,この効果は一時的なもので,収入が増加することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 行動経済学は,行動経済学である.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 高い収入と幸福度が結びついているという社会的な信念が広まっている.
- 以前の研究は,感情的な経験よりも,人生の満足度に焦点を当てたことが多かった.
- 収入と主観的な幸福の間の正確な関係については,依然として議論されている.
研究 の 目的:
- 平均以上の収入が瞬間の幸福に与える実際の影響を調査する.
- 生活満足度や感情状態に対する収入の影響を評価する.
- 収入と幸福の間の認識されたリンクの背後にある心理的メカニズムを探求する.
主な方法:
- 収入レベルと自己報告の幸福度,生活満足度とを関連付ける調査データを活用した.
- 時間使用日記を分析し,所得層の間で楽しい活動への関与を比較した.
- 収入との関係で,緊張とポジティブな感情を含む感情的状態を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 平均以上の収入を持つ個人は,わずかに生活満足度が高いと報告しています.
- 瞬間的幸福度や楽しい活動に費やされた時間における有意な増加は観察されなかった.
- より高い収入は,緊張の増大と,満足度に対する一時的な影響と関連していた.
結論:
- 高収入が直接的により大きな幸福につながると信じるのは,大抵は誤解です.
- 人々は,従来の業績に焦点を当てているため,幸福への収入の貢献を過大評価することがあります.
- 収入が幸福に与える影響は,一般的に考えられているよりも,より深くなく,より一時的なものです.
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