孤立した,不利な立場にあるコミュニティへの専門的なアウトリーチ:人口ベースの研究
Russell L Gruen1, Ross S Bailie, Zhiqiang Wang
1Menzies School of Health Research, Institute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia. russell.gruen@menzies.edu.au
Lancet (London, England)
|July 11, 2006
まとめ
遠く離れたオーストラリアの先住民族のコミュニティの専門外診療所は,ケアへのアクセスを改善し,タイムリーな紹介を可能にしました. これらのサービスは,入院医療サービスの需要を増やすことなく,患者のアウトカムを改善しました.
科学分野:
- 田舎の健康について
- "先住民の健康"について
- 外科外科のアウトリーチ
背景:
- 訪問専門の診療所 (アウトリーチ) は,遠隔地や先住民のアクセス障壁を解決することができます.
- 都市,非不利な環境の外でのアウトリーチクリニックの有効性は,評価を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 専門的なアウトリーチ・クリニックが,オーストラリアの先住民コミュニティのアクセス,紹介パターン,ケア成果に与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 3つの遠隔の先住民コミュニティで11年にわたる人口ベースの観察研究.
- 外科医診療所と病院診療所を比較して,外科,眼科,婦人科,耳鼻喉科の症例のみを診察した.
- 論理回帰とコックスの比例リスクモデルを使用して,紹介の完了度,時効性,および手続きの割合を分析しました.
主要な成果:
- アウトリーチにより,推薦の完了率 (AHR 1.41) とタイムリーな推薦 (ARR 1.30) が改善されました.
- 156件の好機的紹介があったが,選択的紹介の有意な増加はなかった.
- アウトリーチ・コンサルテーションにより,入院を必要とする処置の割合が低下しました (AHR 0.67).
結論:
- 専門家のアウトリーチは,遠隔の先住民コミュニティのコンサルティングと手続きへのアクセスを大幅に改善します.
- アウトリーチサービスは,選択的な紹介や入院患者のサービス要求を増やすことなく,ケアを強化します.
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