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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

Classifying Matter by Composition

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated. 
A mixture is composed of two or...
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Molecules and Compounds02:38

Molecules and Compounds

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Atoms and Molecules
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

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Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
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A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
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グラフェンベースの複合材料

Sasha Stankovich1, Dmitriy A Dikin, Geoffrey H B Dommett

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3111, USA.

Nature
|July 21, 2006
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,グラフィットを脱皮することによってグラフェンポリマー複合材料を作成する方法を開発しました. これらの材料は,低濃度のグラフェンでも例外的な電気伝導性を示し,新しいグラフェンベースのアプリケーションの道を開く.

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科学分野:

  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー
  • ポリマーサイエンスの科学

背景:

  • グラフェンは,sp2結合の炭素原子の単一層であり,優れた熱的,機械的,電子的性質を備えています.
  • グラフェンの特性を応用に活用するには,スケーラブルな生産と複合材料の均質な分散が必要です.
  • 従来のグラファイトは,個々のグラフェンシートに簡単に脱皮できず,複合材料の製造を妨げます.

研究 の 目的:

  • グラフェン-ポリマー複合材料の準備のための一般的なアプローチを提示します.
  • グラファイトの完全な剥離とグラフェンシートの分子レベルの分散を達成するために.
  • これらの複合材料が様々な用途に持つ可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • グラファイトの完全な剥離により,個々のグラフェンシートが得られます.
  • 拡散を改善するためにグラフェンシートの化学改変.
  • 改変グラフェンをポリマーマトリックス (例えば,ポリシュチレン) に組み込む.

主要な成果:

  • ポリスチレン・グラフェン複合材料は,電気伝導性の0.1体積パーセントという低い浸透値を示した.
  • 1体積パーセントのグラフェンで,複合物は0.1 S m(-1の伝導性を達成し,多くの電気アプリケーションに適しています.
  • 開発された方法は,調節可能な性質を持つグラフェンベースの材料の幅広い範囲を可能にします.

結論:

  • 新しいボトムアップ化学的アプローチにより,高性能のグラフェンポリマー複合材料の作成が容易になります.
  • 低浸透値は,複合材料の伝導性を高めるために分散グラフェンの効率性を強調しています.
  • この研究は,グラフェンを高度な材料で広く応用する道を開きます.