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関連する概念動画

Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions02:15

Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions

Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates00:52

Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates

After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
Sublimation01:03

Sublimation

Sublimation is the direct transformation of a solid to a gaseous state. For instance, at standard pressure and room temperature, solid carbon dioxide sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide. The phase diagram depicts the conditions required for sublimation. This process occurs at the solid-gas phase boundary and is not observed above the triple point of the substance. The reverse of sublimation is called deposition, where a gaseous substance condenses directly into a solid. Sublimation and...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Downstream Processing01:29

Downstream Processing

Downstream processing begins once fermentation is complete and involves a series of steps to recover and purify products such as acids, vitamins, antibiotics, or proteins.Cell HarvestingFor example, for intracellular protein-based products, the first step is harvesting the cells. This is typically achieved using centrifugation or filtration to separate the cells from the liquid phase.Cell Disruption for Intracellular ProductsIf the target product is intracellular, the harvested cells must be...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
08:48

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment

Published on: November 9, 2015

イオン性液体における二相水酸化: 工業的な実装のためのプロセスです.

Tilmann J Geldbach1, Dongbin Zhao, Nikola C Castillo

  • 1Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 27, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

[C(4) py][BF(4) ]のようなイオン性液は,1-ヘクサデセンの二相水酸化を促進する. プラチナ製の触媒,特にK(2) PtCl(4) とPt(PPh(3)) ((4) は,この反応の最適の活性と安定性を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

A Facile Synthetic Method to Obtain Bismuth Oxyiodide Microspheres Highly Functional for the Photocatalytic Processes of Water Depuration
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A Facile Synthetic Method to Obtain Bismuth Oxyiodide Microspheres Highly Functional for the Photocatalytic Processes of Water Depuration

Published on: March 29, 2019

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
08:48

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment

Published on: November 9, 2015

A Facile Synthetic Method to Obtain Bismuth Oxyiodide Microspheres Highly Functional for the Photocatalytic Processes of Water Depuration
09:09

A Facile Synthetic Method to Obtain Bismuth Oxyiodide Microspheres Highly Functional for the Photocatalytic Processes of Water Depuration

Published on: March 29, 2019

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

科学分野:

  • カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
  • 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学

背景:

  • 水酸化酸化は,シリコン化学における重要な反応である.
  • イオン性液は,触媒に独特の溶媒特性を有しています.
  • プラチナ触媒は広く使用されていますが,無効化や浸出に苦しむことがあります.

研究 の 目的:

  • シロキサンB9800.00を使用した1-ヘクサデセンの二相水酸化を調査する.
  • この反応のための最適なイオン液体とプラチナ前触媒を特定する.
  • 反応パラメータと不純物質が触媒性能に及ぼす影響を理解する.

主な方法:

  • [C(4) py][BF(4) ]と[C(4) -3-pic][BF(4) ]を含む様々なイオン性液体のスクリーニング.
  • K ((2) PtCl ((4) と Pt (((PPh ((3)))))) のようなプラチナ前触媒の評価
  • 反応パラメータを体系的に変化させ,汚染物質 (酸素,水,塩化物) の影響を評価する.

主要な成果:

  • [C(4) py][BF(4) ]と[C(4) -3-pic][BF(4) ]は,触媒活性と保持のバランスを最もよく示した.
  • K ((2) PtCl ((4) は最も高い活性をもたらし,Pt (((PPh ((3)) ((4) は優れた安定性と再利用性を提供しました.
  • 反応は,均質または溶性ナノ粒子触媒を介して進行し,性能を改善する安定化戦略はありません.

結論:

  • 特定のイオン液体とプラチナ前触媒は,1-ヘクサデセンの二相水酸化を効果的に媒介することができます.
  • 反応条件と不純物は,触媒の性能と種化 (均質対ナノ粒子) に著しく影響する.
  • このシステムにおけるナノ粒子触媒のさらなる安定化は,触媒効率を向上させなかった.