マラリア寄生虫による宿主肝細胞の操作により,肝臓のシヌソイドに投与される
Angelika Sturm1, Rogerio Amino, Claudia van de Sand
1Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Strasse 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
まとめ
マラリアの寄生虫は,死滅する肝細胞から芽生えた膀 (メロソーム) を形成し,寄生虫を血流に放出します. これらのメロソームは,また,寄生虫を免疫検出から保護します.
科学分野:
- 肝臓病理学 肝臓病理学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- マラリア寄生虫 (プラズモディウム) は,その生命周期中に肝細胞 (肝細胞) に感染します.
- 赤血球に感染するステージであるメロゾイトは,肝細胞内で発達する.
- 肝臓のメロゾイトが血流に放出され,免疫回避のメカニズムは十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- マラリアの寄生虫が肝細胞から肝臓に放出されるメカニズムを解明する. sinusoids.
- 肝臓のメロゾイトが,肝臓の発達段階で宿主の免疫系を回避する方法を調査する.
主な方法:
- 感染した肝細胞のインビボおよびインビトロ研究.
- 寄生虫の放出と膀の形成を観察するための顕微鏡.
- 宿主細胞膜の変化と免疫信号の分析.
主要な成果:
- 寄生虫は肝細胞の死と脱離を誘導する.
- メロソームと呼ばれる寄生虫で満たされた膀は,肝細胞からシヌソイド光線に芽生えます.
- 寄生虫は宿主細胞膜のフォスファティディルセリンの露出を阻害し,ファゴサイトーシスを防ぐ.
結論:
- 肝臓細胞に由来するメロソームは,寄生虫の血流への移住を容易にする.
- メロゾームは,ファゴサイトから寄生虫を遮断することで,免疫を保護します.
- このメカニズムは,マラリアの寄生虫が赤血球に伝染する際に極めて重要です.
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