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関連する概念動画

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

固体記憶:グループ2のダイハリドモノマー,ジマー,固体における構造的好み

Kelling J Donald1, Roald Hoffmann

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 24, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

グループ2の二酸化二酸化物単体および二重体における構造的好みは,それらの固体構造に強く影響する. 曲ったモノマーは高調整の固体を形成し,線形モノマーは低調整の固体を形成する.

科学分野:

  • 無機化学 無機化学とは
  • 固体化学 固体化学
  • コンピューティング・ケミストリー

背景:

  • グループ2のダイハリド (MX(2) は,ガス相モノマー,ジマー,固体状態で多様な構造的行動を示す.
  • 小分子幾何学と大量固体の性質の関係を理解することは,材料設計において極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • グループ2の二酸化二酸化物モノマー,ジマー,およびそれらの結果となる固体構造の構造的好みとの関係を理論的に調査する.
  • 凝縮された固体相において,ガス相の幾何学的な性質がどの程度保持されているかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • グループ2のダイハリドモノマー (MX(2) とダイマー (M(2) X(4) の構造的好みの理論的検討.
  • B3LYPの計算レベルを利用して,モノマーとダイマー幾何学を分析する.
  • モノメア・オリゴメア関係を理解するために,境界軌道相互作用を探索する.

主要な成果:

  • モノメア曲線とジマー構造の間には明確な関連性がある:曲線モノメアはC (三重ブリッジ) ダイマーを好み,線形モノメアはD (二重ブリッジ) ダイマーを好む.
  • モノメアの柔軟性により,ジメアの好みが影響され,フラッピーモノメアは弱い好みを示す.
  • モノマーとジマーの構造的傾向は,固体構造のタイプと相関しています.

さらに関連する動画

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

結論:

  • 高度な折り曲げられたモノマーは,高調整数固体 (例えば,フッ素酸,PbCl(2) 構造) を導きます.
  • 硬直な線形モノマーは,低調整数 (4または6) の固体に凝縮する.
  • この研究は,グループ2のダイハリドにおけるこれらの構造-特性相関の背後にある根本的な理由を解明しています.