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関連する概念動画

Intracellular Hormone Receptors01:08

Intracellular Hormone Receptors

Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors act as transcription factors that regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in the target cell
Internal Receptors01:31

Internal Receptors

Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
Types of Receptors: Internal Receptors01:07

Types of Receptors: Internal Receptors

Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind intracellular receptors that reside within the cell cytoplasm or nucleus. Many mammalian steroid hormones and nitric oxide (NO) gas use this cell signaling mechanism.
Similar to membrane-bound receptors, the binding of a ligand to the intracellular receptor of causes a conformational change in the...
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization
09:31

Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization

Published on: March 11, 2011

甲状腺ホルモンの核"受容体"は,どのくらいの特異性があるのでしょうか.

J R Tata

    Nature
    |September 4, 1975
    PubMed
    まとめ

    甲状腺ホルモン受容体は原子核に限らず,以前のモデルに異議を唱える. 核外甲状腺ホルモン結合の生理学的役割を理解するためにさらなる研究が必要です.

    科学分野:

    • エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学

    背景:

    • 甲状腺ホルモンは,代謝と発達において重要な役割を果たします.
    • 核受容体は,甲状腺ホルモンの作用を理解するための主要な焦点となっています.
    • 甲状腺ホルモンの核外結合部位は報告されていますが,その重要性については議論されています.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 甲状腺ホルモンの結合を研究するための現在のインビトロ方法の生理学的関連性を批判的に評価する.
    • 結合部位分布に基づく甲状腺ホルモン受容体とステロイドホルモン受容体の類似性を再評価する.

    主な方法:

    • 甲状腺ホルモンの高親和性,飽和性の結合部位の存在と特性を調査した.
    • 孤立した核と主要な細胞外核成分における結合部位を調べた.
    • 甲状腺ホルモンの核結合を促進するサイトゾールの能力を評価した.

    主要な成果:

    • 隔離された核だけでなく,主要な細胞外核の構成要素における甲状腺ホルモンの"高親和性飽和性"結合部位を特定しました.
    • 異なる細胞部位におけるこれらの結合部位の類似した特徴を観察した.
    • サイトゾールは甲状腺ホルモンの核結合を促進しないことが実証されました.

    さらに関連する動画

    Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
    10:51

    Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse
    04:14

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

    Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization
    09:31

    Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization

    Published on: March 11, 2011

    Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
    10:51

    Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse
    04:14

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    結論:

    • 甲状腺ホルモンの結合部位の広範な分布は,独占的な核局所化モデルに挑戦しています.
    • 主に核受容体を通して作用するステロイドホルモン受容体との類似は無効である.
    • 甲状腺ホルモンのインビトロ核結合検査の生理学的関連性を批判的に再評価することが必要である.