燃料電池のための非貴金属複合材料触媒のクラス
Rajesh Bashyam1, Piotr Zelenay
1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Physics and Applications, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
Nature
|September 8, 2006
まとめ
研究者らは,ポリマー電解質燃料電池 (PEFC) のための低コストのナノ複合材料触媒を開発しました. これらの非貴金属触媒は,高い活性と耐久性を示し,手頃な価格のゼロ排出車への道を開く.
科学分野:
- 電気化学 電気化学について
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- エネルギー変換 エネルギー変換
背景:
- ポリマー電解質燃料電池 (PEFC) は,水素経済と排出ゼロの車両の鍵です.
- プラチナ触媒の高コストは,PEFCの商業的生存可能性を妨げています.
- PEFC電極におけるプラチナ触媒の費用対効果の高い代替品の必要性.
研究 の 目的:
- PEFCカトド用の低コストのナノ複合材料カタリストの新種を実証する.
- これらの新しい触媒の酸素減少活動と耐久性を評価する.
- 非貴金属を安定させ,活性サイトを作成するヘテロ原子ポリマーの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- (非貴金属) / (ヘテロアトミックポリマー) ナノ複合材料の触媒の開発.
- H2-O2燃料電池におけるコバルト-ポリピロール複合材料触媒の試験.
- 100時間以上の電力密度および耐久性試験を含む性能評価.
主要な成果:
- コバルトポリピロール触媒は,約0.15Wcmの電力密度を達成しました.
- 触媒は100時間以上稼働したにも関わらず,性能の低下を示さなかった.
- ヘテロアトミックポリマーは,酸性PEFCカトド環境における非貴金属を効果的に安定させました.
結論:
- 非貴金属/ヘテロアトミックポリマーナノ複合材料は,PEFCカトドの有望な低コストの代替品です.
- これらの触媒は,高い酸素減少活性と良好な耐久性を提供し,プラチナのコストバリアに対処します.
- ヘテロアトミックポリマーは,燃料電池の性能を改善するために,触媒の安定化と活性サイト生成において二重の役割を果たします.
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