T細胞抗原受容体ヘテロダイマーが脂質結合形態で発現する
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.
まとめ
研究者は,抗原のための溶性T細胞受容体 (TCR) を設計し,細胞表面相互作用の研究の課題を克服しました. この新しい方法は,TCRヘテロジメの独立表現を可能にし,生化学的および構造的分析を助けます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
背景:
- T細胞受容体 (TCR) と抗原大同位体複合体 (MHC) リガンドの相互作用を研究することは,それらの細胞表面の多重性性質のために困難です.
- TCRは,CD3ポリペプチドに関連するアルファとベータ鎖で構成されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 溶性TCRフォームを作成することにより,TCR-抗原相互作用を研究するための方法を開発する.
- 生化学的および構造的分析のためのTCRヘテロダイマーの独立した発現と浄化を可能にする.
主な方法:
- アルファとベータ鎖のカルボキシル末端を,脂質結合タンパク質からの信号配列に置き換えることで,溶性TCRを設計した.
- 溶性TCRヘテロダイマーを放出するために酵素割れを使用しました.
- CD3ポリペプチドとは独立して発現したTCRヘテロダイマー.
主要な成果:
- 溶性TCRヘテロダイマーを大量に (0.5mg/週) 製造することが成功しました.
- TCRヘテロダイマーがCD3ポリペプチドなしで発現できることを実証しました.
- 開発された技術は,他の細胞表面分子にも潜在的に一般化できます.
結論:
- 新しい方法により,溶性TCRヘテロジメの生成が可能になり,研究が容易になりました.
- このアプローチは,膜に結合したTCRの研究の限界を克服します.
- この技術は,様々な細胞表面タンパク質の生化学的および構造的研究を進めるために有望である.
さらに関連する動画
09:53Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
Published on: February 6, 2017
09:15Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers
Published on: July 19, 2024
関連する概念動画
Antibody Structure
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Transcytosis of IgG
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
