この頭痛の患者さんは,片頭痛ですか? それとも神経画像検査が必要ですか?
Michael E Detsky1, Devon R McDonald, Mark O Baerlocher
1Faculty of Medicine, Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
JAMA
|September 14, 2006
まとめ
偏頭痛の診断と神経イメージングの必要性を決定するには,特定の患者の病歴要素が役立ちます. 4つの重要な特徴が,片頭痛を正確に識別し,他の特徴は,さらなる調査を必要とする潜在的な頭蓋内異常を示します.
科学分野:
- 神経学 神経学とは
- クリニカル診断士
背景:
- 頭痛の評価は,片頭痛を他のタイプから区別し,神経画像を必要とする患者を特定することを含む.
- 病歴と身体検査は,診断とさらなる調査を導くために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 片頭痛の区別において,患者の病歴と身体検査の有用性を評価する.
- 頭痛患者の神経イメージングの必要性を予測する臨床的特徴を特定する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINEにインデックスされた研究の体系的なレビュー (1966-2005).
- 偏頭痛の診断のためのスクリーニング質問の評価性能 (国際頭痛協会の基準).
- 頭蓋内病理を予測するための臨床検査の精度評価 (CT/MRI参照).
主要な成果:
- 4つの研究 (1745人の患者) は,ミゲンに対する高感度/特異性を,3〜4のPOUNDing基準で示した (脈動,持続時間4〜72時間,片側,吐き気,障害).
- 11件の神経イメージング研究 (3725人の患者) のプール分析により,頭蓋内異常の予測要因が特定されました:クラスター頭痛,異常な神経学的検査,未定義の頭痛,オーラのある頭痛,運動により悪化する頭痛,嘔吐による頭痛.
- 特徴がないことが,有意な病理性を確実に排除した.
結論:
- 四つの歴史的特徴が,片頭痛を正確に診断する.
- 特定の臨床的発見は,深刻な頭蓋内異常を排除するために神経イメージングを正当化します.
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