ハリケーン"カトリーナ"と"リタ"による湿地の堆積
R Eugene Turner1, Joseph J Baustian, Erick M Swenson
1Coastal Ecology Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. euturne@lsu.edu
まとめ
ハリケーン"カトリーナ"と"リタ"により,ルイジアナ沿岸の湿地に1億1300万トン以上の無機堆積物が堆積した. このハリケーンによって引き起こされる沈殿物の蓄積は大きく,健康な塩沼を支える可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 沿岸地質学 沿岸地質学
- 堆積物学 堆積物学 堆積物学 堆積物学
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- ハリケーン・カトリーナとリタは,2005年にルイジアナ州の沿岸部に重大な影響を及ぼしました.
- 沈殿物の動態を理解することは,沿岸湿地の回復と回復力にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- ハリケーン"カトリーナ"と"リタ"の後,ルイジアナ州沿岸の湿地における無機沈殿物の蓄積を定量化するために.
- ハリケーンによる堆積物の負荷を,ミシシッピ川や湿地の復元作業を含む他の堆積物の源と比較する.
主な方法:
- ハリケーン"カトリーナ"と"リタ"の報告データに基づく堆積堆積の計算.
- ハリケーン沈殿物の負荷とミシシッピ川の懸浮負荷と,歴史的なオーバーバンク洪水データとの比較.
- 湿地の回復のために建設された河川の誘導に対する堆積物の寄与の評価.
主要な成果:
- カトリーナ・ハリケーンとリタ・ハリケーンから直接沿岸の湿地に蓄積された無機堆積物 (MT) の131×10(6) メートリックトン以上.
- ハリケーン毎の年間堆積量は,ミシシッピ川の懸浮負荷の12%である.
- ハリケーンによる沈殿物の負荷は,プレリーブ以前のオーバーバンク洪水の5.5倍であり,復旧のために川の方向転換の227倍です.
結論:
- ハリケーンによって引き起こされる堆積堆積は,沿岸の湿地の環境における重要な要因です.
- これらのハリケーンによって堆積された堆積物の量は,健康な塩沼で見つかった無機堆積物を説明するのに十分である.
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