細胞内マラリア寄生虫による無機リン酸塩のナトリウムに依存した吸収
Kevin J Saliba1, Rowena E Martin, Angelika Bröer
1School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
Nature
|September 29, 2006
まとめ
マラリアの寄生虫は,その膜を横断するナトリウム (Na+) グラデントを使用して,必須の無機リン酸 (P(i)) を吸収します. この発見は,Plasmodium falciparumの栄養素吸収のための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- マラリア寄生虫 (Plasmodium falciparum) の感染は,Na+とK+のような溶液に対する宿主赤血球の浸透性を高めます.
- これにより,赤血球細胞の細胞溶液におけるNa+濃度が高くなり,寄生虫の膜を横断してNa+の強い内向きの傾きが生じます.
研究 の 目的:
- プラズモディウム・ファルシパラムが栄養素の吸収のためにNa+グラデーションをどのように利用するか調査する.
- 非有機リン酸 (P(i)) の吸収に責任を負うトランスポーターを特定し,特徴づけます.
主な方法:
- 細胞内寄生虫における無機リン酸 (P(i)) の吸収を研究した.
- プラズモジア・ファルシパラム (Plasmodium falciparum) のP (i) トランスポーター (PfPiT) をクローンし,特徴づけました.
- 機能を確認するために,Xenopusの卵細胞でPfPiTを表現した.
主要な成果:
- プラズモディウム・ファルシパラムは,Na+依存型トランスポーターを通して無機リン酸 (P(i)) を吸収する.
- トランスポーターは2Na+:1P(i) ステキオメトリーを示し,単価P(i) を好みます.
- クローンされたPfPiTトランスポーターは,卵細胞で表現され,類似の特性を持つNa+依存性P (i) 吸収を媒介した.
結論:
- マラリア寄生虫は,宿主細胞の変化したイオン環境を利用して,無機リン酸 (P) の吸収を活性化します.
- PfPiTは,栄養素の吸収に関与する寄生虫の重要な表面輸送体です.
- これは,寄生虫が成長のために宿主細胞生理学を操作する適応性を強調しています.
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