精製されたXenopus Mフェーズ活性化MAPキナーゼの微小管動力学に対するインビトロ効果
Y Gotoh1, E Nishida, S Matsuda
1Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Nature
|January 17, 1991
まとめ
ミトゲン活性化タンパク質キナーゼ (MAPK) は,M相の間に活性化され,細胞サイクル移行を制御します. 細胞抽出物に活性化されたMAPKを加えると,細胞分裂に不可欠な微小管の再編成が起こります.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- ミトゲン活性化タンパク質キナーゼ (MAPK) は,ミトゲン信号伝導に関与するセリン/スレオニンキナーゼです.
- キナーゼの活性化とリン酸化は,細胞サイクル中の細胞の再編成,特にインターフェーズからミトーシスへの移行に不可欠です.
- p34cdc2キナーゼは,マイクロチューブル配列のインターフェーズ-メタフェーズ移行とG2-M細胞サイクルフェーズを調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- 細胞周期の調節と微小管のダイナミクスにおけるMAPキナーゼの役割を調査する.
- M相活性化されたMAPキナーゼが,マイクロチューブル配列のインターフェーズ-メタフェーズ移行を誘導できるかどうかを決定する.
主な方法:
- 哺乳類のMAPキナーゼに関連したXenopusキナーゼのリン酸化および活性化アッセイは,M段階のM期間に行われます.
- インターフェーズ抽出物に精製されたXenopusまたは哺乳類MAPキナーゼを添加したインビトロ実験.
主要な成果:
- 哺乳類のMAPキナーゼと同型であるXenopusキナーゼは,メオティック・サイクルとミトティック・サイクルの両方のM段階において,リン酸化され,活性化されます.
- インターフェーズ抽出物へのM相活性化MAPキナーゼ (Xenopusと哺乳類の両方) の添加は,in vitroでマイクロチューブル配列のインターフェーズ-メタフェーズ移行を誘導した.
結論:
- Mフェーズ中のMAPキナーゼの活性化は,細胞サイクル進行を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 活性化されたMAPキナーゼは,微小管の組織に直接影響を及ぼし,ミトーシスに必要な細胞再編成における重要な機能を示唆します.
関連する概念動画
Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)
Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
Destabilization of Microtubules
The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis
Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Microtubule Instability
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
MAPK Signaling Cascades
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...


