中枢神経系の毛細血管直径をペリサイトによって双方向的に制御する
Claire M Peppiatt1, Clare Howarth, Peter Mobbs
1Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Nature
|October 13, 2006
まとめ
脳の毛細血管を覆う細胞であるペリサイトは,血流を制御することができます. この発見は伝統的な見解に異議を唱え,機能的イメージング信号と中枢神経系血管疾患を説明する可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 神経活動は,中枢神経系 (CNS) の局所的な血流を駆動し,BOLDやPETのような機能的イメージングを支える.
- 伝統的に,動脈小節は中枢神経系の血流を調節すると考えられていたが,ほとんどのノラドレナジック内置は毛細血管を標的とする.
研究 の 目的:
- 中枢神経系の毛細血管の直径と血流の調節におけるペリサイトの役割を調査する.
- 血球細胞が血流制御信号を発信するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 網膜全体と小脳切片でペリサイト機能を研究した.
- 電気刺激を利用し,ATP,ノラドレナリン,グルタミン酸のスーパーフュージョンを行いました.
- GABA受容体阻害剤とシミュレートされたイシュケミアに対する反応を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 網膜のペリサイトを電気刺激すると,局所的な毛細血管の収縮が起こり,それは他のペリサイトに広がった.
- ATPとノラドレナリン誘発のペリサイト媒介の毛細血管収縮;グルタミン酸はノラドレナリン効果を逆転させた.
- ペリサイト収縮もGABA受容体阻害剤によって誘発され,シミュレートされたイシュケミア中に発生しました.
結論:
- ペリサイトは毛細血管の直径を積極的に制御し,動脈の調節に関する伝統的な見解に異議を唱えます.
- ペリサイトは,神経活動の反応として中枢神経系の血流を調節し,機能的イメージング信号と中枢神経系の血管疾患に潜在的に寄与する可能性がある.
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