魚の摂取量,汚染物質,人間の健康:リスクと利益の評価
Dariush Mozaffarian1, Eric B Rimm
1Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA. dmozaffa@hsph.harvard.edu
JAMA
|October 19, 2006
まとめ
魚を食べることは,心臓病と死亡リスクの減少により,健康に重大な利点をもたらします. 妊婦は魚を適度に摂取し,水銀のような潜在的汚染物質に対する利点とバランスを取るべきです.
科学分野:
- 栄養科学 栄養学 栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
背景:
- 魚の消費は,潜在的な健康上の利点と汚染物質のリスクのためにジレンマを提示します.
- 矛盾する情報は,健康的な食生活における魚の役割に関して混乱を引き起こします.
研究 の 目的:
- 魚と汚染物質の消費が心血管や神経発達に及ぼす影響を評価する.
- 魚のメチル水銀,ダイオキシン,PCBに関連するリスクを評価する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINE,政府報告書,メタ分析を含む包括的な文献検索.
- 人体研究に焦点を当て,ランダム化試験と大規模な前向きな研究を優先する.
- メタアナリシスを実行し,利益とリスクを正確に特徴付けました.
主要な成果:
- 適度な魚の摂取 (1〜2食/週) は,冠動脈死亡 (36%) と全死亡率 (17%) を減少させる.
- エイコサペンタエノ酸 (EPA) とドコサヘキサエノ酸 (DHA) の適切な摂取量は,1日250mgである.
- メチル水銀は神経発達に影響を及ぼし,心臓血管の効果をわずかに低下させる可能性があるが,ダイオキシン/PCBはリスクが最小限である.
結論:
- 大人の場合,魚の健康上の利点は,潜在的なリスクを上回ります.
- 産卵年齢の女性にとって,適度な魚の摂取は,特定の種に注意を払いながら,リスクを上回る利点を提供します.
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