デンドリット細胞におけるMHCクラスIIの表面表現は,規制されたユビキチネーションによって制御されます
Jeoung-Sook Shin1, Melanie Ebersold, Marc Pypaert
1Department of Cell Biology and Section of Immunobiology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, PO Box 208002, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8002, USA.
Nature
|October 20, 2006
まとめ
デンドリット細胞は,ユビキチネーションを制御することによって,表面MHC IIを調節する. 未成熟の細胞は,成熟時に停止するエンドサイトーシスのためにMHC IIをユビキチナートし,表面MHC IIのプレゼンテーションを増加させます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- デンドリット細胞 (DCs) は,Tリンパ球を刺激する重要な抗原呈現細胞です.
- DC成熟には,細胞の再編成と強化された抗原プレゼンテーションが含まれます.
- 熟成期における表層メジャー・ヒストコンパティビリティ・コンプレックスII級 (MHC II) の規制は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- dendritic 細胞の成熟時に表面MHC II発現を調節するメカニズムを調査する.
- MHC IIの密輸における翻訳後の改変の役割を特定する.
主な方法:
- 未成熟および成熟したマウスのデンドリート細胞におけるMHC IIユビキチネーションの分析.
- 分子生物学技術を用いて,エンドサイトーシスと細胞内密輸におけるMHC IIのユビキチネーションの役割を調査する.
主要な成果:
- MHC IIベータ鎖の細胞プラズマ尾は未成熟のデンドリート細胞で全域に存在している.
- ユビキチネーションはMHCIIエンドサイトーシスにとって不可欠であるが,多胞体における結合には部分的に必要である.
- MHC IIのユビキチネーションは,デンドリット細胞の成熟時に停止し,表面MHC IIの蓄積が増加します.
結論:
- デンドリット細胞は,表面MHCII発現を制御するユニークなメカニズムを持っています.
- MHC IIの選択的ユビキチン化は,そのエンドサイトーシスおよびその後の表面表現を調節する.
- この調節は,成熟した dendritic 細胞による T 細胞刺激を最適化するために重要です.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Regulated Protein Degradation
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Processing Pathways
MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...


