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関連する概念動画

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

7.7K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
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Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
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Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

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Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
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Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death01:11

Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death

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Cell death is the irreversible loss of cellular structure and function, representing the final stage of severe injury. It plays a key role in both normal physiology and disease.Types of Cell DeathThe two main types are necrosis and apoptosis, though others like necroptosis and pyroptosis also exist.Necrosis:Necrosis is an unregulated form of cell death caused by severe injury such as trauma, toxins, or ischemia. It is characterized by cell swelling, membrane loss, rupture, and leakage of...
70
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

63
Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
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Modeling Neuronal Death and Degeneration in Mouse Primary Cerebellar Granule Neurons
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Modeling Neuronal Death and Degeneration in Mouse Primary Cerebellar Granule Neurons

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神経系における細胞死

Dale E Bredesen1, Rammohan V Rao, Patrick Mehlen

  • 1Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, California 94945, USA. dbredesen@buckinstitute.org

Nature
|October 20, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

アルツハイマー病やパーキンソン病のような神経変性疾患は,プログラムされた細胞死を含みます. これらの細胞死経路を制御する分子は,新しい治療法の有望な標的である.

科学分野:

  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • 薬理学 薬理学とは

背景:

  • アルツハイマー病やパーキンソン病を含む神経変性疾患は,神経細胞死によって特徴付けられています.
  • この細胞死は,アポトーシスとも呼ばれる内生的なプログラム細胞死 (PCD) 経路を通じてしばしば発生します.
  • ニューロンの喪失は特徴的ですが,PCDの活性化の正確なメカニズムとタイミングは重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 神経変性における内生的な自殺経路の役割を調査する.
  • これらの細胞死経路内の重要なメディエーターを潜在的な治療標的として特定する.
  • 神経退行性疾患におけるこれらの媒介者を標的とした治療の可能性を探求する.

主な方法:

  • ニューロンモデルにおけるプログラム細胞死の原因となる細胞および分子機構の分析.
  • 神経退行性疾患に関連した細胞死に関与する重要なシグナル伝達分子の識別と特徴付け.
  • 臨床前モデルの特定の細胞死媒介体を標的とした治療効果の評価 (詳細は概要に記載されていません).

主要な成果:

  • プログラムされた細胞死経路は,神経変性疾患で活性化することが確認されています.
  • これらの内生的な自殺経路の特定のメディエーターが特定されています.

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Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Axons and their Synapses during Axon Death in Drosophila melanogaster
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Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Axons and their Synapses during Axon Death in Drosophila melanogaster

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Author Spotlight: Establishing Mixed Neuronal and Glial Cell Cultures from Embryonic Mouse Brains to Study Infection and Innate Immunity
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Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Axons and their Synapses during Axon Death in Drosophila melanogaster
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Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Axons and their Synapses during Axon Death in Drosophila melanogaster

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Author Spotlight: Establishing Mixed Neuronal and Glial Cell Cultures from Embryonic Mouse Brains to Study Infection and Innate Immunity
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  • これらの媒介体は,病気の過程の遅い段階で発生する細胞死にもかかわらず,有望な標的を代表しています.

    • 結論:

    • 内生細胞死経路のメディエーターをターゲットにすることは,神経変性疾患の有効な治療戦略を提供します.
    • 細胞死経路の構成要素のレベルでの介入は,神経細胞喪失が進行している場合でも有効である可能性があります.
    • これらのメディエーターに関するさらなる研究は,アルツハイマー病,パーキンソン病,および関連する疾患に対する新しい治療法につながる可能性があります.