ヒトのガンマ・グロービン遺伝子は,ベータ・グロービンロカス内の他の遺伝子とは独立して静止されます
1National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Nature
|March 21, 1991
まとめ
位置制御領域 (LCR) は,グロービン遺伝子発現を指揮する. この研究では,ベータ・グロービンの競合とは無関係に成人のマウスの胎児のガンマ・グロービン遺伝子が沈黙することを示し,ステージ特有の要因が関与していることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
背景:
- 人間のエリソポエーシスには,発達段階に特異的なグロービン遺伝子発現が含まれます.
- エプシロン遺伝子の上流にある位置制御領域 (LCR) は,高レベルのグロービン遺伝子発現を指揮する.
- LCRの相互作用のためのβ-グロービンとガンマ-グロービン遺伝子の間の競争が,成人の胎児のガンマ遺伝子を沈黙させると仮定されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 発達中のヒトAガンマグロービン遺伝子の静止におけるLCRとβ-グロービン競争の役割を調査する.
- エリトロポエシス全体を通してガンマ・グロービン遺伝子発現を調節するのに,LCRだけでは十分かどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- LCRに関連したヒトAガンマグロービン遺伝子を携えたトランスジェニックマウスの生成.
- エリトロポエシスの胚性および成人期におけるトランスゲン発現パターンの分析.
- 固有のベータ・グロービン競争の有無におけるガンマ・グロービン遺伝子発現の比較.
主要な成果:
- LCRによって誘導されるAガンマグロービンのトランスゲンは,胚段階において高レベルの発現を示した.
- LCRの存在にもかかわらず,成人の動物ではトランスゲンが沈黙させられました.
- 静止は,内生性β-グロービン遺伝子の競争に関係なく発生しました.
結論:
- LCRは,ガンマ・グロービン遺伝子を本質的に非調節させず,発達的なサイレンシングを可能にします.
- ベータ・グロービン遺伝子の競争は,成人期における胎児のガンマ遺伝子の静止のために必要ではありません.
- 側面配列に結合する段階特有の要因は,ガンマ・グロービン遺伝子の静止を媒介する可能性がある.
関連する概念動画
The Central Dogma
Overview
From DNA to Protein
The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
Position-effect Variegation
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
Multi-species Conserved Sequences
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
The Central Dogma
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...


