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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

06:34
Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato
Published on: June 10, 2009
植物におけるsiRNAバイオゲネシスの2回ヒットトリガー.
Michael J Axtell1, Calvin Jan, Ramya Rajagopalan
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Cell
|November 4, 2006
まとめ
二重のマイクロRNA結合部位は,必ずしも割れを伴うものではありませんが,植物における段階的な小干渉RNA (siRNA) バイオゲネシスを誘発します. この保存されたメカニズムは,RNAサイレンシングと認識に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- RNAサイレンシング経路は,RNAサイレンシング経路である
- エピジェネティクスと遺伝子調節
背景:
- マイクロRNAs (miRNAs) は,RNA指向の割れ目を開始し,時にはアラビドプシスの段階的な小干渉RNAs (siRNAs) につながります.
- ほとんどのmiRNAターゲットはsiRNAを生成しないので,siRNA生成には他の要因が関与していることを示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 単純なmiRNA分裂を超えた段階的なsiRNA生体生成の決定因子を調査する.
- 保存されたsiRNAロシオにおける二重miRNA結合部位の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- モスとアラビドプシスのsiRNA生成の比較分析.
- miR390および補足部位に対するインビトロ結合測定法.
- 遺伝的アプローチを用いたアラビドプシスのmiR390補完部位の機能分析.
主要な成果:
- モスの段階的siRNAは,二重miR390分裂部位に囲まれた領域から発生する.
- 保存されたsiRNAロコスAtTAS3は,二重のmiR390補完的な部位を有しており,どちらもArabidopsis.で機能しています.
- 切断不能のmiRNA結合部位は,植物において機能的に有意である可能性があります.
- 二重のmiRNA/siRNA補完部位,必ずしも2つの分裂イベントではないが,siRNA生物発生の保存されたトリガーである.
結論:
- 2つのmiRNA結合部位を含む保存されたメカニズム,しばしば,しかし,割れによってのみではありません,段階的なsiRNA生産を開始します.
- この発見は,RNAの認識と,植物種間の異常RNAの静止を理解する上で重要な意味を持つ.
関連する概念動画
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Riboswitches
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Cell Signaling in Plants
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

