海洋生態系サービスに対する生物多様性喪失の影響
Boris Worm1, Edward B Barbier, Nicola Beaumont
1Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1. bworm@dal.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 4, 2006
まとめ
海洋生物多様性の減少は,資源の崩壊を加速させ,食料供給や水質などの生態系サービスを損なう. しかし,生物多様性の回復は,生産性と安定性を大幅に高め,可逆性を示します.
科学分野:
- 海洋生態学 海洋生態学とは
- 生態系サービスとは
- 生物多様性に関する研究は,
背景:
- 人間の活動により,海洋生態系における生物多様性が前例のないほど減少しています.
- この減少が生態系サービスに及ぼす影響は,未だに定量化されていない.
- これらの影響を理解することは,海洋の保全と管理に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物多様性の減少が海洋生態系サービスに及ぼす影響を調査する.
- これらの影響を様々な時間的,空間的スケールで分析する.
- 生物多様性の回復の可能性を評価し,悪影響を軽減する.
主な方法:
- 地元の実験データの分析.
- 長期の地域時間シリーズの検討.
- 世界漁業データの評価.
主要な成果:
- 生物多様性の減少は,資源の崩壊率を指数関数的に増加させた.
- 多様性の減少は,回復の可能性,安定性,水質の低下につながった.
- 生物多様性の回復により,生産性が4倍に増加し,多様性が21%減少しました.
結論:
- 海洋生物多様性の減少は,海洋が不可欠な生態系サービスを提供する能力を著しく損なっています.
- 影響を受ける主要なサービスには,食料供給,水質の維持,生態系の回復力などがあります.
- 現在の負の傾向は,生物多様性回復の努力によって逆転可能である.
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