若者の性行動を形作る要因:体系的なレビュー
1Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK. Cicely.Marston@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|November 7, 2006
まとめ
社会的,文化的要因は,若者の性行為に大きく影響し,HIV予防の取り組みに影響を与えます. これらのテーマを理解することは,青少年および若年成人向けに効果的な性的健康プログラムを開発するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
- 心理学 心理学とは
背景:
- 全世界の新規HIV感染のほぼ半分は,15歳から24歳の個人に発生しています.
- 社会的,文化的要因が,若者の性的行動を大きく左右しています.
- 既存のHIV予防戦略は,これらの影響を理解していないため,しばしば失敗します.
研究 の 目的:
- 若者の性行為に関する質的研究を体系的に検討する.
- 性健康に関する意思決定に影響を与える重要な社会的,文化的テーマを特定する.
- 政策立案者に情報を提供し,青少年の性健康に関する将来の研究を導く.
主な方法:
- 1990年から2004年の間に発表された268件の定性研究の体系的レビュー.
- 選択された雑誌記事と書籍の比較テーマ分析.
- 質と経験的データに基づく研究の分類.
主要な成果:
- パートナー評価 ("クリーン"/"クリーンでない"),仲間からの影響,コンドームの汚名,ジェンダーステレオタイプ,社会的報酬/罰,評判管理,コミュニケーションの障壁など,7つの主要なテーマが浮上しました.
- これらのテーマは,さまざまな国や文化背景にわたって存在していました.
- 社会的な期待は,性的行動とコミュニケーションに大きく影響を与えます.
結論:
- 定性的な発見は,若者の性的行動や,危険性のある性行為の理由についての重要な洞察を提供します.
- 政策立案者は,これらの社会的,文化的要因をHIV予防プログラムの設計に統合する必要があります.
- 将来の研究は,その範囲を拡大し,確認された重複とギャップに対処する必要があります.
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