培養されていないバクテリアのエンドシンビオントのインシット識別とフィロゲニー
R Amann1, N Springer, W Ludwig
1Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, Germany.
Nature
|May 9, 1991
まとめ
研究者はDNA増幅を用いて,培養されていない細菌であるホロスポラ属を研究し,プロテオバクテリア内の系統遺伝的位置を明らかにした. この方法は,宿主細胞内のこれらのエンドシンビオントの検出と微分を可能にします.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- コッホの技術は細菌の特徴づけを可能にするが,多くの微生物は培養不可能なままである.
- 培養できない微生物は,系統遺伝学と生態学の研究に課題を投げかけます.
- ホロスポラ属は,シリアスに生息するエンドシンビオティックな細菌であり,培養ができないため,未知の系統遺伝的関係があります.
研究 の 目的:
- ホロスポラ属の系統的位置を決定する.
- ホロスポラ種を宿主細胞内で検出・区別する方法を開発する.
- ホロスポラ・エンドシンビオンスの生理学的活動を調査する.
主な方法:
- ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応 (PCR) を用いたインビトロDNA増幅.
- Holospora obtusa.からのリボソームRNA (rRNA) 遺伝子断片のクローニングとシーケンシング.
- 16S rRNA配列解析は,系統遺伝的配置のために行われます.
- 種と属に特化したrRNAハイブリダイゼーションプローブの設計.
主要な成果:
- Holospora obtusaの系統遺伝的位置は,プロテオバクテリアのアルファ群に属することを決定した.
- 種と属に特化したrRNAハイブリッド化プローブが成功裏に設計されました.
- これらの探査機は,宿主核内の個々のホロスポラ細胞の in situ 検出と微分を可能にしました.
- 高いrRNA含有量は,エンドシンビオンの有意な生理学的活動を示唆しています.
結論:
- DNA増幅と配列は,ホロスポラのような培養不可能な細菌を研究するための強力なツールを提供します.
- ホロスポラは,アルファ-プロテオバクテリアに属する古代のエンドシンビオンです.
- rRNAプローブによるin situハイブリデーションは,これらのエンドシンビオントの識別と定量化に有効です.
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