人間の細胞のタンパク質濃度の変動性と記憶力
Alex Sigal1, Ron Milo, Ariel Cohen
1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel.
Nature
|November 24, 2006
まとめ
人間の細胞は,タンパク質レベルの有意な変動を示し,高レベルと低レベルの混合は40時間以上かかります. このタンパク質記憶は,個々の細胞の行動と,集団全体の信号応答時間を説明する可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
背景:
- タンパク質発現の変動性は,細胞集団のフェノタイプの違いを誘発する.
- 微生物で特徴づけられているが,ヒト細胞におけるタンパク質レベルの変動は,まだ十分に理解されていない.
- 人間の細胞におけるタンパク質レベルの変動の時間的動態と時間スケールは,ほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 生きたヒト細胞における内生タンパク質レベルの変動性と時間動態を調査する.
- タンパク質濃度が高い細胞が最終的にタンパク質濃度が低いことを示すかどうか,そしてこの混合の時間スケールを決定する.
- 同一の生物学的経路または異なる生物学的経路内のタンパク質レベルとの相関関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 染色体位置にタグ付けする黄色い光タンパク質 (YFP) を利用し,生きているヒト細胞内の20の内生タンパク質をモニターしました.
- タンパク質ペアの二色タグ付けを含む,時間とともに測定されたタンパク質レベルの変動.
- タンパク質濃度の平均と相対的な標準偏差を分析し,細胞世代の混合時間を計算した.
主要な成果:
- タンパク質レベルの有意な変動が観察され,標準偏差は異なるタンパク質の平均値の15%から30%に及ぶ.
- すべての研究されたタンパク質の高および低タンパク質レベルとの混合が実証され,多くの場合40時間以上 (2つの細胞世代) が必要です.
- 異なる経路のタンパク質と比較して,同じ生物学的経路内のタンパク質レベルとの間にはより高い相関が発見されました.
結論:
- 持続的なタンパク質レベルの記憶は,ヒト細胞に存在し,個々の細胞の行動に潜在的に貢献します.
- 長い混合時間は,細胞信号が細胞集団に均一に影響を及ぼすのに相当な時間スケールが必要であることを示唆しています.
- タンパク質レベルのダイナミクスを理解することは,細胞の個性や集団レベルの反応を解釈する上で極めて重要です.
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