不安全な中絶:予防可能なパンデミック
David A Grimes1, Janie Benson, Susheela Singh
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7570, USA. dagrimes@mindspring.com
Lancet (London, England)
|November 28, 2006
まとめ
不安全な中絶は,毎年6万8000人の死亡の原因になり,主に発展途上国です. 安全で合法的な中絶と包括的な生殖医療へのアクセスを改善することは,女性にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 人権 人権 人権 人権
- 生殖器保健は,生殖器の健康についてです.
背景:
- 不安全な中絶は,世界の主要な健康問題であり,発展途上国の女性に不均衡に影響を及ぼしています.
- 毎年,推定19~200万件の不安全な中絶が行われ,その結果6万8千人の死亡と数百万件の合併症が発生する.
- 死因には出血,感染症,中毒などがあり,医療システムに重大な経済的負担がかかっています.
研究 の 目的:
- 不安全な中絶の沈黙のパンデミックに対処する緊急の必要性を強調する.
- 妊娠中絶を合法化することは必要だが,有能な医療へのアクセスなしでは不十分であることを強調する.
- 安全で合法的な中絶へのアクセスを,世界中の女性の基本的人権として強調する.
主な方法:
- 全世界の中絶統計と死亡率の分析.
- 様々な国 (インド,ルーマニアなど) の中絶法の影響と医療へのアクセスに関するレビュー.
- 手動で真空吸入やミソプロストールなどの中絶ケア技術の進歩の検討.
主要な成果:
- 合法化だけでは安全な中絶へのアクセスを保証するものではなく,有能な医療への障壁が依然として存在しています.
- 安全な中絶へのアクセスの改善は,女性の健康状態の改善と相関しています.
- 現代の避妊は,中絶の必要性を減らすが,排除することはできない.
結論:
- 不安全な中絶に対処するには,法的改革以上のことが必要であり,熟練した医療提供者へのアクセスを改善し,安全な環境を確保する必要があります.
- 不安全な中絶による死亡率と発症率の主な要因は,社会的無関心と女性の権利を無視することです.
- 安全で合法的な中絶へのアクセスを確保することは,公衆衛生と女性の人権を擁護するために不可欠です.
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