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関連する概念動画

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia01:24

Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia

DysplasiaDysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells, characterized by pleomorphism, nuclear abnormalities, and increased mitotic activity. It commonly affects epithelial tissues, including the cervix, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory mucosa, and endometrium. Although it may occur alongside hyperplasia, dysplasia is not a true adaptive response but a preneoplastic change with potential to progress to cancer.When confined above the basement...
Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology01:21

Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology

Cytotoxic edema is a form of cerebral edema characterized by intracellular swelling of neurons, astrocytes, and other glial cells. It develops when the mechanisms responsible for maintaining ionic gradients across the cell membrane become impaired. Under normal physiological conditions, the sodium–potassium ATPase actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, preserving osmotic balance and enabling electrical signaling. This pump requires a continuous supply...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 10, 2026

Three-dimensional Cell Culture Model for Measuring the Effects of Interstitial Fluid Flow on Tumor Cell Invasion
07:41

Three-dimensional Cell Culture Model for Measuring the Effects of Interstitial Fluid Flow on Tumor Cell Invasion

Published on: July 25, 2012

微環境からの選択的圧力によって引き起こされる腫瘍の形態と現象的進化.

Alexander R A Anderson1, Alissa M Weaver, Peter T Cummings

  • 1Division of Mathematics, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK. anderson@maths.dundee.ac.uk

Cell
|November 30, 2006
PubMed
まとめ

厳しい腫瘍マイクロ環境は,攻撃的なクローンを選択することによって,がんの侵入を促します. 軽度な状態では,攻撃的ながん細胞と攻撃性の低いがん細胞の共存が可能になり,侵入的拡散が防止されます.

科学分野:

  • 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
  • 数学生物学数学生物学について
  • がん研究 がん研究

背景:

  • 癌の侵入は,複数の要因によって引き起こされる複雑で生命を脅かすプロセスです.
  • 侵入を誘発する細胞特性と腫瘍の微環境の相互作用は,まだ十分に理解されていない.

研究 の 目的:

  • 癌の侵入を理解するために,細胞およびマイクロ環境要因を統合した多層次数学的モデルを開発する.
  • 異なる腫瘍の微小環境条件が,がん細胞のクローン進化と侵入にどのように影響するかを調査する.

主な方法:

  • 癌の侵入をシミュレートするマルチスケール数学モデルの開発.
  • 細胞特性と微環境要因 (低酸素,細胞外マトリックス異質性) をモデルに含める.
  • 異なるマイクロ環境条件下で腫瘍の成長とクローン動態のシミュレーション.

主要な成果:

  • 厳しいマイクロ環境 (低酸素,異質マトリックス) は,攻撃的なクローンによって支配される,指の限界を持つ侵襲的な成長を促します.
  • 軽度の微小環境 (ノルモキア,均質なマトリックス) は,滑らかな縁を持つ非侵襲性腫瘍につながり,攻撃的なクローンと攻撃性の低いクローンの共存を可能にします.
  • マイクロ環境の選択力は,がん細胞のクローン進化と侵襲的可能性の主要な原動力として特定されています.

さらに関連する動画

Modeling Ovarian Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Behavior in a Dynamic 3D Peritoneal Microdevice
11:34

Modeling Ovarian Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Behavior in a Dynamic 3D Peritoneal Microdevice

Published on: February 18, 2017

Microfluidic Model to Mimic Initial Event of Neovascularization
10:01

Microfluidic Model to Mimic Initial Event of Neovascularization

Published on: April 10, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Three-dimensional Cell Culture Model for Measuring the Effects of Interstitial Fluid Flow on Tumor Cell Invasion
07:41

Three-dimensional Cell Culture Model for Measuring the Effects of Interstitial Fluid Flow on Tumor Cell Invasion

Published on: July 25, 2012

Modeling Ovarian Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Behavior in a Dynamic 3D Peritoneal Microdevice
11:34

Modeling Ovarian Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Behavior in a Dynamic 3D Peritoneal Microdevice

Published on: February 18, 2017

Microfluidic Model to Mimic Initial Event of Neovascularization
10:01

Microfluidic Model to Mimic Initial Event of Neovascularization

Published on: April 10, 2021

結論:

  • 腫瘍の微環境は,侵入を促す癌細胞のフェノタイプを選択する上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • 数学的モデリングは,癌の侵入に対する微環境選択的圧力を定量的に分析するための枠組みを提供します.
  • このアプローチは,侵略を促進する選択的な勢力を標的にし,排除するための戦略の開発を導くことができます.