血液に存在する内生性伝染性スポンジ状脳症の感染性の低下は,選択的親和樹脂への吸収によって行われます
Luisa Gregori1, Patrick V Gurgel, Julia T Lathrop
1Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, VA Medical Center, University of Maryland at Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 26, 2006
まとめ
新しい親和樹脂は,伝染性スポンジ状脳症 (TSE) の感染性を血液から効果的に除去します. この画期的な発見は,輸血によるTSE感染を予防する有望な方法であり,輸血の安全性を高めています.
科学分野:
- 生物医学科学 生物医学科学とは
- 感染症の研究 感染症の研究
- 輸血の安全性 輸血安全性について
背景:
- 伝染性スポンジ状脳症 (TSE) は,輸血による危険性があります.
- 献血された血液からのTSE病原体の選択的吸収は,重要なリスク管理戦略です.
- 以前の研究では,近親性樹脂L13が尖った感染性を低下させたことが示されましたが,L13Aはスケールアップされたバージョンです.
研究 の 目的:
- 血中性TSE感染性を血液から除去するアフィニティ樹脂L13およびL13Aの能力を評価する.
- これらの樹脂の有効性を製造スケールの文脈で評価する.
主な方法:
- スクレイピーに感染したハムスターの全血 (500mL) が白血病に減少しました.
- 血液は親和樹脂L13とL13Aを通過した.
- 感染性は,完全血液,白血を減少させた血液,および,限量希釈定位を用いたフロースルー分子を用いて測定された.
主要な成果:
- 血球減少は,初期感染性の72%を除去しました.
- 樹脂からフロー・スルーで接種した動物 (0/96または0/100) は,540日後にTSEを発症しなかった.
- 全体的な感染性の減少は1.22 log10IDを超え,内生的なTSE感染性の有効な除去を示しました.
結論:
- TSE afinity ligandsは,TSEに感染した血液および血液製品に関連するリスクを軽減することができます.
- これらのリンガンドは,輸血の安全性を高める装置で使用する可能性を示しています.
- 樹脂はまた,人間のプリオン病に関連する正常および異常なプリオンタンパク質を吸収します.
関連する概念動画
01:25Selectins
Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
01:25Hepatitis
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
01:27Cryptococcal Meningitis
Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
01:28Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...