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関連する概念動画

Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.
Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Monitoring the Reductive and Oxidative Half-Reactions of a Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase using Stopped-Flow Spectrophotometry
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Monitoring the Reductive and Oxidative Half-Reactions of a Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase using Stopped-Flow Spectrophotometry

Published on: March 18, 2012

偽アズーリンとニートリート還元酵素の間のレドックス状態依存複合体の形成

Antonietta Impagliazzo1, Anneloes J Blok, Matthew J Cliff

  • 1Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 4, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,偽アズーリンが細菌のニートリート還元酵素にどのように結合するかを研究した. 還元された偽アズーリンは,2つの結合モードを示し,酸化された偽アズーリンは1つの結合モードを示し,デニトリフィケーションにおける電子移転に関する洞察を明らかにします.

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EPR Monitored Redox Titration of the Cofactors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nar1
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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds

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Monitoring the Reductive and Oxidative Half-Reactions of a Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase using Stopped-Flow Spectrophotometry
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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
08:23

Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds

Published on: February 16, 2022

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 微生物学 微生物学とは
  • 酵素学 酵素学とは

背景:

  • バクテリアの銅を含むニートリート還元酵素は,ニートリートを酸化窒素に変換し,脱窒化に不可欠です.
  • プセドアズーリンは,ニートリート還元酵素に電子ドナーとして作用し,このプロセスを促進します.
  • それらの相互作用を理解することは,脱窒化経路を解明する鍵です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 偽アズーリンとニートリート還元酵素との間の複合形成の還元酸化状態依存性を調査する.
  • 偽アズーリンの窒素還元酵素への結合様式と親和性を特徴づけるために.
  • 結合相互作用における金属電荷と特定のアミノ酸残留物の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 核磁共振 (NMR) スペクトロスコピーは,複雑な形成を研究するために使用されました.
  • 結合 afinities を決定するために,同熱定位熱計 (ITC) が使用されました.
  • 金属中心の影響を評価するために,金属置換タンパク質が利用されました.

主要な成果:

  • 縮小型偽アズウリンは,2つの結合モード (高速と遅い交換) を表し,K (((d)) (((app) は100マイクロMである.
  • 酸化された偽アズーリンは,類似の親和性を持つ単一の高速交換モードで結合する.
  • 結合モードは,窒素還元酵素の金属電荷とは独立しており,His81プロトネーションは二重結合に直接関与していない.

結論:

  • プセドアズーリンは,その酸化還元状態によって異なる結合行動を示します.
  • 減少状態の二重結合を説明するために,マイナーな擬似アズリンの形態を含むモデルが提案されています.
  • これらの発見は,バクテリアの脱窒化における電子伝送メカニズムについての洞察を提供します.