西南極の活発な亜氷河水系が,宇宙からマッピングされた
Helen Amanda Fricker1, Ted Scambos, Robert Bindschadler
1Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. hafricker@ucsd.edu
まとめ
科学者たちは,衛星レーザー高度測定を用いて西南極でダイナミックな亜氷河水系を発見した. 大きな排水湖を含むこれらのシステムは,氷河の流れと質量バランスに大きく影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 氷河学 氷河学とは
- 水文学 水文学とは
- リモートセンシング (リモートセンサー)
背景:
- 氷床下水のシステムは,氷河の流れの動態と南極の氷床の安定性において重要な役割を果たします.
- 氷河下の水の移動と貯蔵の理解は,氷河の流れと海面上昇の予測に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 西南極の亜氷河水系の存在と行動を調査する.
- ウィランスとマーサーの氷河の下の水の移動と貯蔵量を定量化するために.
- 氷床下水の氷の動態と質量バランスへの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2003~2006年の衛星レーザー高度測定データを活用して,標高の変化をマッピングした.
- 氷河下の水の動きを示す時間的な高さの変動の14の領域を分析しました.
- 主要な特徴の垂直運動と空間的な範囲を確認するために,衛星画像の微分化を採用した.
- ウィランス・アイス・ストリームの接地線付近にある主要な氷床下湖を特定し,監視した.
主要な成果:
- ダイナミックな標高変化の14の地域が特定され,亜氷河水の移動として解釈されました.
- 衛星画像の差分化を用いた2つの大きな地域の縦移動と空間的範囲の確認.
- 以前は知られていなかった氷河下の湖が,約3年間にわたって2.0立方キロメートルの水を排水することを観測した.
- 他の場所での氷床下水の貯蔵が文書化されており,その量は排水湖に匹敵する.
結論:
- 西南極で広範囲に広がり,ダイナミックな亜氷河水系を明らかにした.
- 湖の排水と貯蔵を含む氷河下の水の移動は,氷河の流れの動態に大きな影響を与えます.
- 観測された亜氷河水系は,氷の流れと南極の氷床の質量バランスに重要なコントロールを施す可能性があります.
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