アルケニルシランの構造が単核および二核のオルガノチタニウム媒介のエチレンポリメリゼーションに及ぼす影響:ポリオレフィン分枝と機能群の同時導入の範囲とメカニズム
1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 21, 2007
まとめ
アルケニルシラネは,オルガノチタニウム触媒によるオレフィンポリメリゼーションにおける連鎖伝達剤とコモノマーの両方で作用し,高活性と狭いポリ分散性を持つ高度に分岐したポリオレフィンを生成します.
科学分野:
- ポリマー化学のポリマー化学について
- 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
背景:
- オルガノチタニウム複合体は,オレフィンポリメリゼーションの効果的な触媒である.
- 長い鎖の分岐などのポリマーアーキテクチャの制御は,材料の特性を調整するために不可欠です.
- アルケニルシラノは,機能的モノマーおよび連鎖移転剤としての潜在力を持っています.
研究 の 目的:
- アルケニルシランが,オルガノチタニウム媒介によるエチレンポリメリゼーションにおける同時連鎖伝達剤およびコモノマーとしての役割を調査する.
- アルケニルシラン鎖長とチタン (Ti) 核がポリメリゼーション活動,共ポリマー組成,分岐に及ぼす影響を評価する.
- 鎖移転のメカニズムとその触媒構造とアルケニルシラン構造への依存を調査する.
主な方法:
- 活性化された単核 (CGCTiMe2) と二核 (EBICGCTi2Me4) オルガノチタニウム前触媒を用いたエチレンポリメリゼーション.
- 様々なアルケニルシラン (アリルシラン,3-ブテニルシラン,5-ヘクセニルシラン,7-オクテニルシラン) をチェーン転送剤およびコモノマーとして含有する.
- ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー-マルチアングルレーザー光散射 (GPC-MALLS) などの技術を用いたポリマー製品の特徴化により,分子量,ポリディスペルシビティ,分岐を決定する.
主要な成果:
- 高分子化活動 (最大107g/mol Ti·atm·h)) と狭いコポリマーポリ分散性が達成されました.
- 長い鎖の有意な分岐が観察され,より長い鎖のアルケニルシランでは分岐比が1.0に近づいていた.
- アルケニルシランの組み込みは,鎖の長さとTiの核性によって変化し,単核系はより高い組み込みを示した.
- Ti核性は,分子量とアルケニルシラン濃度の関係に影響を与え,異なる鎖移転メカニズムを示した.
結論:
- アルケニルシランは効果的な二重機能剤であり,長鎖の枝分かれポリオレフィン合成を可能にします.
- Ti触媒の核性とアルケニルシラン構造の選択は,ポリメリゼーション結果に大きく影響を与えます.
- この方法は,単一のステップの共ポリメリゼーションプロセスを通して,ポリオレフィンアーキテクチャを正確に制御するための前例のない経路を提供します.
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