最近の南極とグリーンランドの氷床の海面への寄与
Andrew Shepherd1, Duncan Wingham
1Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK. Andrew.Shepherd@edu.ac.uk
まとめ
南極とグリーンランドの地球の氷床は,融解と氷河の流れの増加のために質量を失い,海面上昇に貢献しています. 最近の衛星データは,気温上昇によって加速された氷の排出が引き起こされていることを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- * 氷河学について
- * 気候科学 気候科学
- * 地球システム科学 地球システム科学
背景:
- *北極の氷床 (南極とグリーンランド) は,地球温暖化システムの重要な構成要素である.
- * 歴史的な極地探査は,最近の衛星測定によって補完されており,氷床の動態に関する新しい洞察を提供している.
- *地球温暖化が降雪,融解,氷の流れなど,複数の氷床プロセスに影響を及ぼしている.
研究 の 目的:
- *地球の主要な氷床の現在の質量バランスを評価するために.
- *南極とグリーンランドからの氷の減少が世界の海面上昇に与える影響を定量化する.
- * 氷の放出の加速とその潜在的な要因を調査する.
主な方法:
- * 過去10年間の衛星測定の分析.
- * 氷の質量損失の定量化と海面の変化へのその貢献.
- * 氷床プロセスにおける地域差の評価.
主要な成果:
- *南極大陸とグリーンランドは,年間約125ギガトンの不均衡を伴う,全体的な質量損失を経験しています.
- *この氷の減少は,世界の海面上昇に年間0.35ミリメートルの貢献をします.
- * 氷河や氷河からの氷の流れの加速は,過去10年間で両大陸で観察されています.
結論:
- * 表面および海洋の温暖化によって引き起こされる可能性のある加速氷の排出は,現在の氷床の質量損失の重要な要因です.
- * これらの温暖化に起因するプロセスは,21世紀に予想される雪の増加を相殺する可能性があります.
- * 氷床の動態の継続的なモニタリングは,将来の海面の変化を理解するために不可欠です.
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