CRISPRは,プロカリオットのウイルスに対する既得耐性を提供します
Rodolphe Barrangou1, Christophe Fremaux, Hélène Deveau
1Danisco USA Inc., 3329 Agriculture Drive, Madison, WI 53716, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 24, 2007
まとめ
クラスタ化された規則的に間隔のある短いパリンドロミックリピート (CRISPR) は,細菌にウイルスに対する適応免疫を与えます. ファグDNA配列をスペーサーとして統合することにより,CRISPRシステムは将来のウイルス感染症に対する特定の耐性を授与します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
背景:
- クラスター化された規則的に間隔のある短いパリンドロミックリピート (CRISPR) は,バクテリアとアーカイアで一般的です.
- CRISPRシステムは,バクテリオファージの耐性において役割を果たすという仮説がある.
研究 の 目的:
- ウイルス (ファージ) へのバクテリアの防御におけるCRISPRの機能を調査する.
- CRISPRによってファグ耐性を授与するメカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- バクテリアの培養はウイルスの挑戦にさらされました.
- ゲノムDNAを分析して,統合されたスペーサーを特定しました.
- スペーサーの内容を操作して,ファグ耐性に対する効果を評価した.
主要な成果:
- バクテリアは,ウイルスの挑戦に続いて,ファグゲノムから派生した新しいスペーサー配列を統合しました.
- 特定のスペーサーの存在または欠如は,細菌のファグ耐性フェノタイプを変化させた.
- CRISPRに関連した (cas) 遺伝子は,この抵抗性にとって不可欠であることが判明しました.
結論:
- CRISPRシステムは,CAS遺伝子と組み合わせて,バクテリアのファグに対して適応免疫を与えます.
- CRISPR媒介ファグ耐性の特異性は,スペーサーとファグゲノム間の配列相似性によって決定される.
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