この成人患者さんは,セプティック関節炎ですか?
Mary E Margaretten1, Jeffrey Kohlwes, Dan Moore
1Division of Rheumatology, Prime Program, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0633, USA. mary.margaretten@ucsf.edu
JAMA
|April 5, 2007
まとめ
セプティック関節炎の早期診断は,合併症を減らすために非常に重要です. 臨床的評価,特にシノビア液白血球 (WBC) 数とポリモルフォ核細胞の割合は,培養結果の前に性関節炎の可能性を評価するのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- レウマトロジーの病理学
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 診断の精度 診断の精度
背景:
- セプティック関節炎は,患者の罹病率と死亡率を最小限に抑えるために,迅速な診断と治療を必要とします.
- 臨床評価は,急性関節痛および腫の患者の初期評価において重要な役割を果たします.
研究 の 目的:
- ノンゴノコック性細菌性関節炎の臨床評価の診断の正確性と精度を体系的に検討する.
- セプティック関節炎を示す重要な歴史,身体検査,および研究室の発見を特定する.
主な方法:
- PubMedとEMBASEのデータベース (1966-2007年) の包括的な文献検索を実施しました.
- セプティック関節炎の診断のための歴史,物理,血清,またはシノビア液データの正確性に関するオリジナルデータを含む研究.
- 3人の著者による独立したデータ抽象化を利用した.
主要な成果:
- 6242人の患者を対象とした14件の研究を分析し,653人が有毒性関節炎と診断された.
- 危険因子には,年齢,糖尿病,リウマチ性関節炎,関節外科手術,義肢,皮膚感染症,HIVが含まれています.
- 主な臨床結果:関節痛 (85%の感受性),関節腫 (78%の感受性),発熱 (57%の感受性).
- シノビア液白血球 (WBC) 数とポリモルフォ核細胞の割合は強力な診断指標です.
- シノビアル液のWBC数値が高くなった場合, септик関節炎の確率は著しく上昇する (LRは100,000/microL以上の場合,最大28.0).
- シノビア液のポリモルフォ核細胞数 ≥90%は, септик関節炎 (LR 3.4) を強く示唆しています.
結論:
- 臨床的発見は,外周的,単関節性関節炎を患っている患者を特定することができます.
- シノヴィアル液のWBC数とポリモルフォ核細胞の割合は,グラム染色と培養結果より前に,結血性関節炎の可能性を評価するために不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Bacterial Meningitis
Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...

