非局所的リアリズムの実験的テスト
Simon Gröblacher1, Tomasz Paterek, Rainer Kaltenbaek
1Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Nature
|April 20, 2007
まとめ
量子物理学は科学的リアリズムに挑戦する. 実験は量子予測を裏付け,局所的現実主義理論を否定し,局所性を放棄するだけでは,リアリズムそのものを変えない限り,量子現象を説明するのに不十分であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 量子物理学とは,量子物理学のことです.
- 物理学の基礎について
- 量子情報とは,量子情報である.
背景:
- 科学的リアリズムの原則は,観察から独立した外的な現実を前提としている.
- ベル定理は,局所的現実主義理論が量子力学の予測と衝突することを示しています.
- 以前の実験では,量子予測が確認され,局所的リアリズムが排除されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 非局所的現実主義理論が量子力学と一致するかどうかを調査する.
- 量子相関に対する非局所的現実理論の広範なクラスを実験的にテストする.
主な方法:
- 非局所的現実主義理論の理論的分析.
- 絡み合った光子間の相関の実験的測定.
- これらの相関を非ローカルな現実的理論のレゲットの不等式に対してテストする.
主要な成果:
- この研究は,広範囲の非局所的現実主義理論と量子力学の理論的・実験的相容れないことを示している.
- 実験的に観測された量子相関は,レジェットの不等式に違反する.
- 結果は,これらの相関は非局所的な現実的理論によって説明されないことを示しています.
結論:
- 局所を放棄することは,理論と量子実験結果を調和させるには不十分である.
- リアリズムのある直感的な仮定は,量子力学と整合するために放棄されなければならない.
- この発見は,量子物理学における現実と観測に関する基本的な仮定に異議を唱えている.
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