酵母脂肪酸合成酵素の結晶構造は,8つの活性サイトが一緒に働く細胞機械である

Ivan B Lomakin¹, Yong Xiong, Thomas A Steitz

¹Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA.

Cell

|April 24, 2007

まとめ

大量の酵素複合体である酵母脂肪酸合成酵素を構造的に分析した. その結晶構造は,単離室で脂肪酸を合成する方法と,効率的な生産のために基板の移動方法を示しています.

科学分野:

バイオケミストリーバイオケミストリー
構造生物学構造生物学とは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

脂肪酸合成酵素 (FAS) は,脂肪酸を合成する重要な酵素複合体です.
イーストでは,FASは8つの触媒センターを持つ巨大なマクロ分子組成体 (2.6 MDa) である.

研究の目的:

イースト脂肪酸合成酵素の結晶構造を決定するために.
酵素複合体内で脂肪酸合成の活性化と実行のメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

X線結晶学を用いて,酵母脂肪酸合成酵素複合体の構造を決定した.
構造分析は,触媒センターの配置と基板アクセシビリティに焦点を当てました.

主要な成果:

結晶構造は,FASアセンブリ内の6つのステリカルに隔離された反応室を明らかにしています.
触媒部位は,アシルキャリアタンパク質 (ACP) と相互作用するために位置づけられています.
ACPの移動は,触媒部位への基板拡散を容易にする可能性がある.

結論:

構造は,個々の室内で発生する複数のステップの合成プロセスを説明します.
フォスフォパンテイニルトランスファーゼドメインの局所化は,ACPの改変が複合体の組み立てに先行することを示唆しています.

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