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キチンは,アレルギーに関連した先天性免疫細胞の組織に蓄積を誘導します
Tiffany A Reese1, Hong-Erh Liang, Andrew M Tager
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Medicine and Microbiology/Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0795, USA.
Nature
|April 24, 2007
まとめ
菌類や昆虫に見られるバイオポリマーであるキチンは,免疫細胞が組織に蓄積し,アレルギー反応を模倣する. AMCaseという特定の酵素は,キチン誘発の免疫活性化を阻害することができます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- アレルギー性および寄生虫性ワームの免疫には,特定の免疫細胞の浸透と代替的に活性化されたマクロファージが含まれます.
- これらの宿主反応のトリガーはよく理解されていません.
- チチンは,真菌や昆虫などの様々な生物に存在するバイオポリマーです.
研究 の 目的:
- 生まれつきの免疫反応を誘発するキチンの役割を調査する.
- チチン誘発免疫細胞の蓄積を調節する要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミにキチンを投与し,組織免疫細胞の浸透を観察した.
- トール型受容体の関与の評価.
- チチンの治療はAMCaseまたはAMCase過剰発現するマウスの使用.
- マクロファージの活性化とレウコトリエンB4の生成の分析.
主要な成果:
- キチンは,イオシノフィールとベソフィールを含むIL-4発現する先天性免疫細胞の蓄積を誘導した.
- このキチン媒介の浸透は,Toll型受容体認識とは独立していた.
- AMCaseの治療前またはAMCaseの過剰発現は,キチン誘発の免疫細胞の徴募を防ぐことができました.
- キチンは,免疫細胞の募集に不可欠な代替マクロファージの活性化と白血球B4の生産を促進しました.
結論:
- キチンは,アレルギー性およびヘルミント性免疫に関与する先天性免疫細胞による組織浸透のための認識要素として作用します.
- 脊椎動物のキチナーゼ (AMCase) は,キチン誘発の免疫プロセスを否定的に調節する.
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