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関連する概念動画

The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Hypoglycemia01:26

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL. It commonly occurs in individuals using insulin or insulin-secreting drugs, but may also arise in non-diabetic conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are at the highest risk because they depend on exogenous insulin. People with type 2 diabetes are also at risk, especially when treated with insulin or medications such as sulfonylureas, which increase insulin release regardless of blood glucose levels. It develops when insulin levels exceed...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

ヒポピュチュータリスム症候群

Harald Jörn Schneider1, Gianluca Aimaretti2, Ilonka Kreitschmann-Andermahr3

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Clinical Neuroendocrinology Group, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.

Lancet (London, England)
|May 1, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

pituitary glandの機能に影響を与える状態であるhypopituitarismは,以前考えられていたよりも,特に脳損傷の患者において,より一般的です. 一般医療従事者による早期の認識は,早期の診断と管理に不可欠です.

さらに関連する動画

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
09:48

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology

Published on: February 25, 2022

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
09:48

Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology

Published on: February 25, 2022

科学分野:

  • 内分泌学 エンドックリノロジー
  • 神経学 神経学とは

背景:

  • 低垂体症は非特異的な症状が特徴ですが,重篤な健康上の影響と死亡率の増加につながる可能性があります.
  • 正確な診断は,成長ホルモンとコルチコトロピンの欠乏に対する刺激検査と,基礎ホルモンレベルと臨床評価に依存しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 特に脳損傷患者において,認識されていない下垂体病の有病率を強調する.
  • 一般医療従事者が,下垂体関節症を稀でない状態として認識する必要性を強調する.

主な方法:

  • ヒポピュチュータリズムの現在の診断基準のレビュー.
  • ヒポピュチュータリズムの発生率と罹患率の分析.
  • 脳損傷と下垂体関節症の関連性の検討.

主要な成果:

  • ヒポピュチュータリズムの推定発生率と流行率は,年間10万人に4.2%,年間10万人に45.5です.
  • トラウマ性脳損傷や頭下関節下出血を患っている患者は,下垂体関節症を発症するリスクが高い.
  • ヒポピュチュータリズムの真の罹患率は,現在の推定値よりも高い可能性が高い.

結論:

  • 低垂体症は希少な疾患ではないため,一般医による認識が強化されることが必要である.
  • ホルモン置換療法の進歩は,便利で生理学的治療の選択肢を提供します.
  • 低垂体関節症の早期診断と管理は,生命を脅かす出来事を予防するために不可欠です.