国境付近のアメリカ合衆国の道路のない空間
Raymond D Watts1, Roger W Compton, John H McCammon
1U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118, USA. rwatts@usgs.gov
まとめ
新しいメトリックである道路のない体積 (RV) は,未開発の空間を定量化します. これは,資源へのアクセスや道路からのレクリエーションなどの社会的利益に対する生態学的保存のバランスをとるのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- 空間分析とは,空間分析のことです.
背景:
- 未開発地域への道路開発は,しばしば生態系の悪化と流域の問題につながります.
- 道路アクセスによる生態学的コストと社会的利益のバランスを評価するために,定量化可能なメトリックが必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 未開発の空間を測定するための新しいメトリック,道路のない体積 (RV) を導入し,検証する.
- 道路網に関連する生態学的影響と社会的利益とのトレードオフを監視するためのツールを提供すること.
主な方法:
- 空間単位で最寄りの道路までの距離を計算する.
- これらの距離を基に,無道路ボリューム (RV) を定義し,計算する.
- RVの空間分布を様々なスケールで分析する.
主要な成果:
- この研究では,距離から道路までの計算から派生したメトリックとして,道路なしの体積 (RV) を導入しています.
- RVは,地方レベルから国家レベルまでスケーラブルであることが実証されています.
- 米国は210万立方キロメートルのRVを保有しており,郡ごとに不均等に分布しています.
結論:
- ロードレス・ボリューム (RV) は,未開発地域の範囲を評価するための貴重な指標です.
- RVは,道路の影響を受ける地域における生態学的条件と社会的利益のモニタリングを容易にする.
- RVの不均質な分布は,未開発の領域における地域格差を強調しています.
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