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関連する概念動画

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Downsampling01:20

Downsampling

When considering a sampled sequence with zero values between sampling instants, one can replace it by taking every N-th value of the sequence. At these integer multiples of N, the original and sampled sequences coincide. This process, known as decimation, involves extracting every N-th sample from a sequence, thereby creating a more efficient sequence.
The Fourier transform of the decimated sequence reveals a combination of scaled and shifted versions of the original spectrum. This...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
11:02

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

Published on: January 4, 2010

沈黙に沈められてしまった.

Elizabeth H Bayne1, Sharon A White, Robin C Allshire

  • 1Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Michael Swann Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK.

Cell
|May 22, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

RNA干渉機構は,分裂酵母におけるトランスゲントランスクリプトを直接標的とし,沈黙をTRAMPのような複合体と結びつける. これは,RNAi独立の転写分解が,ヘテロクロマチン遺伝子サイレンシングに寄与することを示唆しています.

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • 分裂酵母では,RNA干渉 (RNAi) によって媒介されるヘテロクロマチンの形成により,トランスゲンがセントロメアで静止されます.
  • RNAiをヘテロクロマチンとトランスゲンサイレンシングと結びつける正確なメカニズムは調査中です.

研究 の 目的:

  • トランスゲンサイレンシングにおけるRNA干渉機構の直接標的を調査する.
  • RNAiに依存したヘテロクロマチン形成と遺伝子サイレンシングにおけるタンパク質複合体の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 分裂酵母におけるRNA干渉経路の分析.
  • RNAi機械によるトランスゲントランスクリプトターゲティングの調査.
  • トランスクリプトの分解に関与するタンパク質複合体の特徴.

主要な成果:

  • RNAi機械は,トランスゲントランスクリプトを直接標的として分解する.
  • 芽生えた酵母におけるTRAMP複合体に似たタンパク質複合体は,トランスゲンサイレンシングに関連しています.
  • この複合体は,エクソソームを通してトランスクリプトの分解を促進します.

さらに関連する動画

Targeted Training of Ultrasonic Vocalizations in Aged and Parkinsonian Rats
11:00

Targeted Training of Ultrasonic Vocalizations in Aged and Parkinsonian Rats

Published on: August 8, 2011

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
11:02

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

Published on: January 4, 2010

Targeted Training of Ultrasonic Vocalizations in Aged and Parkinsonian Rats
11:00

Targeted Training of Ultrasonic Vocalizations in Aged and Parkinsonian Rats

Published on: August 8, 2011

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

結論:

  • RNAの干渉機械は,トランスゲンのトランスクリプトと直接関わります.
  • トランスゲンサイレンシングは,TRAMPのような複合体であり,エクソソーム媒介の退化を含みます.
  • RNAi独立のトランスクリプト分解経路は,ヘテロクロマチン媒介の遺伝子静止に寄与する可能性があります.