遺伝子発現の進化可能性に影響を与える遺伝的特性
Christian R Landry1, Bernardo Lemos, Scott A Rifkin
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. clandry@post.harvard.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 26, 2007
まとめ
変異に対する遺伝子発現感受性は,遺伝子構造とTATAボックスの存在によって影響を受けます. この感受性は,規制の進化を理解するために不可欠な環境変化への進化性と反応に影響します.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 分子遺伝学 分子遺伝学
- システム生物学 システム生物学
背景:
- 遺伝子ネットワークの進化を理解することが鍵となる.
- 自然の多様性だけでは,選択,人口統計,変異率との複雑な相互作用により,進化の様式を推論するには不十分である.
研究 の 目的:
- 自然に発生する突然変異が遺伝子発現に与える影響を推定する.
- これらの推定における自然選択の影響を最小限に抑える.
- 遺伝子発現の進化可能性のメカニズム的基礎を確立する.
主な方法:
- 自然に発生する突然変異が遺伝子発現に与える影響を推定する.
- 変異効果の推定における自然選択の影響の最小化.
主要な成果:
- 変異に対する遺伝子発現感度は,トランス変異の標的サイズとともに増加する.
- TATAボックスの存在は,変異に対する遺伝子発現感を高めます.
- 変異に対してより敏感な遺伝子は,環境的干渉やストキャスティックノイズにもより高い感受性を示す.
結論:
- 変異に対する遺伝子発現の感受性は,遺伝子構造 (TATAボックス) とサイズ (トランス変異標的) と機械的に関連しています.
- この感受性は,環境要因や騒音に対する遺伝子の反応を予測します.
- 発見は,規制の進化と遺伝子ネットワークの進化の現実的なモデルを開発するための基盤を提供します.
関連する概念動画
01:36What is Gene Expression?
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
01:42What is Gene Expression?
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
01:42What is Gene Expression?
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
01:30Structure of a Gene
A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...