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Mitochondria
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メントール受容体TRPM8は,環境の寒さの主な検出器です
Diana M Bautista1, Jan Siemens, Joshua M Glazer
1Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Nature
|June 1, 2007
まとめ
臨時受容体潜在メラスタチン8 (TRPM8) チャンネルは,低温の検出に不可欠です. TRPM8欠乏症のマウスは,冷たい感覚と行動反応の障害を示し,熱感覚における重要な役割を確認しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 感覚生物学 感覚生物学について
- 分子生理学 分子生理学
背景:
- 感覚神経繊維は,熱感性イオンチャネルを介して潜在的に温度変化を検知します.
- 寒冷とメントール受容体1 (CMR1) とも呼ばれるトランジント受容体ポテンシャルメラスタチン8 (TRPM8) は,寒冷とメントールによって活性化されます.
- 寒さ検知におけるTRPM8のインビヴォの役割は議論されており,いくつかの研究でその貢献が疑問視されている.
研究 の 目的:
- 冷たい熱感受におけるTRPM8の重要な役割を調査する.
- 主要なアファレント感覚ニューロンによる熱刺激の検出に対するTRPM8の貢献を決定する.
主な方法:
- 冷たい刺激に対する反応を評価するために,TRPM8欠乏したマウスを利用した.
- ミュータントマウスから培養された感覚神経細胞と無傷の感覚神経繊維を検査した.
- 寒い,暖かい表面と蒸発冷却に対する評価された行動反応.
主要な成果:
- TRPM8欠乏症のマウスは,神経および行動性アッセイの両方で,寒さに対する反応が著しく低下した.
- これらのマウスは,冷たい表面と暖かい表面を区別し,蒸発冷却に反応する欠陥を示した.
- TRPM8変異マウスは,非常に冷たい表面 (<10°C) に対して,ある程度の寒さ回避能力を維持したが,効率は低下した.
結論:
- TRPM8は,広い範囲の低温で熱感知に不可欠で主要な役割を果たしています.
- この発見は,TRPチャネルが,外周神経系の熱刺激の主なセンサーであるという仮説を裏付けている.
- TRPM8は,感官ニューロンによる冷たい熱刺激の検出を媒介するために重要である.
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