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関連する概念動画

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

15.8K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
8.4K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
12.5K
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

94
Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect...
94
Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase

82
The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
82
Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation II: Local and Systemic Effects

56
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
56

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レゾルビンE1とプロテチンD1は,炎症解消プログラムを活性化させます.

Jan M Schwab1, Nan Chiang, Makoto Arita

  • 1Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Nature
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

オメガ3脂肪酸のレゾルビンE1 (RvE1) とプロテチンD1 (PD1) は,炎症細胞の除去を促進することによって,炎症を積極的に解消します. これらの媒介体は,急性炎症後の組織ホメオスタシスの回復に不可欠です.

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科学分野:

  • 炎症と免疫学について
  • バイオメディカルサイエンス バイオメディカルサイエンス
  • 分子医学は分子医学である.

背景:

  • 急性炎症の解消は宿主の防御と組織修復に不可欠です.
  • オメガ3多不飽和脂肪酸は,レゾルビンE1 (RvE1) とプロテチンD1 (PD1) のようなプロ溶解媒介を生成します.
  • 炎症解消におけるRvE1とPD1の特定の役割を理解することは極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 急性炎症の解消を調節するRvE1とPD1の正確な機能を調査する.
  • RvE1とPD1が炎症細胞のクリアランスを促進するメカニズムを解明する.
  • 炎症の解消に関与する新しい経路を特定する.

主な方法:

  • 投与されたRvE1とPD1のナノグラム量 in vivoおよびin vitro.
  • アポプトティック中性粒子の白血球浸透とマクロファージファゴシトーシスを評価した.
  • サイクルオキシゲネーゼ (COX) とリポキシゲネーゼ (LOX) 阻害モデルの利用.
  • リンパ節と臓へのファゴサイトの密輸を調査した.
  • 脂肪組織を含む解像度経路を調べた.

主要な成果:

  • RvE1とPD1は,ファゴサイト除去とアポプトシス中性粒子のクリアランスを有意に促進した.
  • アポプトティックニュートロフィルのマクロファグの摂取は,RvE1とPD1によって強化された.
  • COXまたはLOX酵素の阻害は"解像度欠陥"につながり,RvE1,PD1,またはアスピリン誘発のリポキシンA4アナログによって逆転しました.
  • 脂肪組織を通じたファゴシトの移住を含む新たな解消経路が特定されました.
  • リンパ節と臓のジモサンを吸収したファゴサイトの出現が増加した.

結論:

  • RvE1とPD1は強力なアゴニストであり,炎症組織の解消を積極的に促進します.
  • これらのオメガ3派生媒体は,エフェロサイトーシスと炎症性細胞のクリアランスを含む重要な解消プロセスを強化します.
  • 新しい解像度経路と解像度におけるファゴサイトトラフィックの役割が特定されました.