遺伝子発現におけるノイズは,Bacillus subtilisの細胞運命を決定する
Hédia Maamar1, Arjun Raj, David Dubnau
1Public Health Research Institute Center, New Jersey Medical School, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
まとめ
細胞間遺伝子発現の変異,またはノイズは,Bacillus subtilis.の能力への移行を駆動する. このノイズを減らすことで,ノイズを示す有能な細胞が減少します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- システム生物学 システム生物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 細胞プロセスは,同位体集団内でランダムな遺伝子発現変異 (ノイズ) を表し,状態の移行に潜在的に影響を与える.
- 自然生物系における騒音の役割,特に遺伝子発現のダイナミクスを調節する役割は,未だにほとんど未調査のままである.
- Bacillus subtilisでは,ComK (能力調節タンパク質) のノイズが,DNA吸収のための能力状態への移行を誘導すると仮定されています.
研究 の 目的:
- コムK発現におけるノイズが,Bacillus subtilis.の能力への細胞移行に及ぼす影響を調査する.
- 騒音レベルの実験的な操作が,有能な細胞の周波数に影響するかどうかを判断する.
- 能力へのストキャスティック移行を制御する時間調節メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- バチルス・サブティリスのcomK遺伝子発現におけるノイズの定量化と操作.
- comK表現ノイズを実験的に減少させる.
- comKの転写と能力の移行の時間的動態の分析.
主要な成果:
- comK発現におけるノイズは,能力への移行中の細胞を積極的に選択する.
- comK発現騒音の実験的減少により,有能な細胞の割合が著しく減少しました.
- 能力へのストキャスティックトランジションは,comKトランスクリプションの減少によって一時的に制限されます.
結論:
- 遺伝子発現におけるノイズは,自然のシステムにおけるストキャスティック細胞状態の移行を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 騒音の特徴は進化的圧力を受け,能力のような細胞機能を最適化します.
- 騒音ダイナミクスを理解することは,遺伝子発現と細胞の微分化の調節に関する洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria
The DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes are intricately coupled in bacteria, allowing efficient gene expression and rapid protein synthesis. While this physical and functional coordination is advantageous, it introduces challenges that bacteria overcome through specific regulatory mechanisms.Coupling of Replication, Transcription, and TranslationThe coupling of replication, transcription, and translation is a hallmark of bacterial gene expression. As the replisome unwinds...
Gene Regulation During Sporulation
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Bacterial Signaling
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors
The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
Transcription of prokaryotic...
Global Regulatory Systems
Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...


