変化する北極圏では,頻繁に長距離植物の植民を繰り返す
Inger Greve Alsos1, Pernille Bronken Eidesen, Dorothee Ehrich
1National Centre for Biosystematics, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway. ingera@unis.no
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 16, 2007
まとめ
種は,気候変動にもかかわらず,生態学的ニッチを追跡することができます. 北極では,植物の分布を制限するのは,植物の分布ではなく,植物の定着であり,将来の範囲移転の予測のために無制限の分散を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 気候変化の下で種分布を予測することは,ニッチ追跡の不確実性のために困難です.
- 長距離の分散と定着は,種の環境の変化に適応する能力に影響を与える重要な要因である.
研究 の 目的:
- スヴァルバルドの北極諸島の植民の歴史と植物種の遺伝的多様性を調査する.
- 変化する気候で種の分布を制限する際に,分散と安定の相対的な重要性を決定する.
主な方法:
- DNAの指紋,特に増幅された断片長ポリモルフィズム (AFLP) は,遺伝的多様性を分析するために使用されました.
- 9種類の異なる植物のサンプルを採取し,それらの植民パターンと遺伝的関係を評価するために分析しました.
主要な成果:
- 複数の源地からの植物種によるスヴァルバルドの長距離植民を繰り返し確認した.
- 遺伝的多様性のパターンは,種の温度要求と強く相関しており,主要な制限として確立を示しています.
- プロパグルの分散は,風と海氷によって促進され,遠距離植民を支えている可能性が高い.
結論:
- 北極の植物種の分布を制限する主な要因は,分散ではなく,安定化である.
- 制限のない分散を仮定することは,気候変動の下で北極の生態系における長期的な範囲の変化を予測するのに適切かもしれません.
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