誕生順と知能の関係について説明します
Petter Kristensen1, Tor Bjerkedal
1National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0033 Oslo, Norway. petter.kristensen@stami.no
まとめ
出生順は知能に影響を与えないが,家族の社会的地位が知能指数 (IQ) に影響する. この発見は,出生位置ではなく,家族との相互作用が重要な要因であることを支持しています.
科学分野:
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 人的発展 人的発展 人的発展
- 行動科学は,行動科学である.
背景:
- 多くの研究が,出生順と知能レベルとの間の否定的な関連性を示しています.
- この相関の根本的な理由は不明であり,競合する仮説がある.
- 仮説には,異なる家族の相互作用/刺激と産前要因が含まれています.
研究 の 目的:
- 出生順,家族の社会的地位,知能指数 (IQ) のスコアとの関係を調査する.
- IQに対する出生順序の影響の説明として,家族間の相互作用と産前要因を区別する.
- 既存の仮説を裏付けるまたは反証する経験的証拠を提供すること.
主な方法:
- およそ25万の徴兵兵を対象とした大規模なサンプルから得られた知能指数 (IQ) の分析.
- 出生順とIQの相関に関する統計的調査.
- 家族の社会的地位とIQの相関の統計的検討.
主要な成果:
- 知能指数 (IQ) のスコアレベルは,家族内の社会的地位に依存することが判明しました.
- 出生順のそれ自体とIQスコアとの間に有意な直接的な関係は見られませんでした.
- この発見は,家族間の相互作用に基づく説明を裏付けている.
結論:
- 生まれた順序ではなく,家族内の社会的地位は,知能に影響を与える重要な要因です.
- 家族のダイナミクスと相互作用パターンは,認知発達において重要な役割を果たしているようです.
- この研究は,出生順序を直接知能の違いと結びつける以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
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