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Performing Custom MicroRNA Microarray Experiments
Published on: October 28, 2011
小型RNAライブラリシーケンシングに基づいた哺乳類のマイクロRNA発現アトラス
Pablo Landgraf1, Mirabela Rusu, Robert Sheridan
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Box 186, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Cell
|July 3, 2007
まとめ
この研究は,ヒトおよび歯類の組織におけるマイクロRNA (miRNA) とその発現パターンを特定します. どこにでもある小さなmiRNAsの小さなセットは,細胞タイプ間のほとんどの表現の違いを駆動します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- バイオインフォマティックス
背景:
- マイクロRNA (miRNA) は,メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) をターゲットにすることで遺伝子発現を調節する重要なノンコーディングRNAです.
- miRNA発現を理解することは,細胞機能と疾患メカニズムを解読するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- マイクロRNA (miRNA) を特定し,その発現プロフィールを包括的にマッピングする.
- 様々なヒトおよびネズミの細胞タイプと臓器系におけるmiRNA発現パターンを分析する.
主な方法:
- 26の異なるヒトとネズミの臓器システムと細胞タイプから250以上の小さなRNAライブラリをシーケンシングしました.
- 表現プロファイルを生成するためのクローンカウントデータの計算分析.
- 成熟したmiRNA配列,前駆体,ゲノム位置,および成熟経路の詳細な特徴.
主要な成果:
- 組織間のほとんどの発現変異に責任を持つマイクロRNA (miRNA) のコアセットの識別.
- 異なる組織特異プロファイルにもかかわらず,多くの重要なmiRNAが至るところに発現していることを発見しました.
- miRNAの成熟,転写単位,保存,ゲノム組織に関する包括的なデータ.
結論:
- マイクロRNA (miRNA) の限られたレパートリーは,細胞および組織特異的な遺伝子調節に大きな影響を及ぼします.
- この研究は,miRNAの機能を理解し,新しい分析ツールを開発するための貴重なリソースを提供します.
- 提案されたmiRNAサブ分類スキームは,将来の機能研究を促進することを目的としています.
関連する概念動画
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
DNA Microarrays
Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
RNA-seq
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

