伝染性髄膜炎,髄膜コッカミア,そしてネイセリア髄膜炎

David S Stephens¹, Brian Greenwood², Petter Brandtzaeg³

¹Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Research Service (151I), Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|July 3, 2007

まとめ

メンニゴコクスは,世界中で壊滅的な髄膜炎と敗血症を引き起こす. 髄膜炎球菌の血清群を標的とした新しいワクチンは,病気の撲滅に希望を与えますが,開発途上国における平等なアクセスは依然として課題です.

科学分野:

微生物学微生物学とは
エピデミオロジーエピデミオロジー
ワクチン学ワクチン学

背景:

髄膜炎球菌は,世界中で伝染性髄膜炎とセプシスの主要な原因です.
生物学的,疫学的,病原学的理解において,著しい進展がみられた.
現在の診断,治療,化学予防の戦略は,最近の科学的進歩に基づいています.

研究の目的:

髄膜炎球菌疾患の理解と制御における進歩をレビューする.
次世代のワクチンの潜在的な影響を強調する.
世界的なワクチン導入における課題を特定する.

主な方法:

髄膜炎球菌の生物学,疫学,および臨床的側面に関する文献レビュー.
現在のおよび新興の診断および治療アプローチの分析.
ワクチン開発と実施戦略の評価.

主要な成果:

髄膜炎球菌の病原性と流行病学の理解は著しく進歩しました.
複数の血清群および血清群Bに対する次世代結合ワクチンが利用可能になりつつあります.
診断,治療,化学予防のための既存のアプローチは精製されました.

結論:

新しい髄膜炎球菌ワクチンは,先進国における病気の撲滅を約束している.
開発途上国,特にサハラ以南のアフリカにおけるこれらのワクチンの公平な導入は,重大な課題です.
継続的な研究と戦略的実施は,世界的な髄膜炎球菌病の制御に不可欠です.

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