の平行アニソトロピーは,弧下の地殻の鋳造によって生成されます
Mark D Behn1, Greg Hirth, Peter B Kelemen
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. mbehn@whoi.edu
まとめ
火山の弧における急速な地震切断波の速度は,小規模なコンベクションによって説明される. このコンベクションは,密集した弧下層の地殻の沈没によって引き起こされ,溝-平行アニソトロピーの不一致を解決します.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- 地震学 地震学とは
- 火山学 火山学とは
背景:
- 火山の弧は,しばしば,溝の衝突に並行して,地震的剪定波の速度を示します.
- この溝の平行アニソトロピーは,従来のマントル・ケイジ・コーナー・フロー・モデルに挑戦しています.
- スラブ・ロールバックや水に富んだオリヴィン変形などの既存の説明は,観測を完全に説明していない.
研究 の 目的:
- 火山の弧における溝並列の地震アニソトロピーを説明する新しいメカニズムを提案する.
- 観測されたアニソトロピーのパターンを地質学および地球物理学のデータと調和させる.
- すべての観測を説明できない既存のモデルに代替案を提供すること.
主な方法:
- 火山の弧における地震切断波の速度データを分析する.
- 小規模なコンベクションを含むマントルのダイナミクスのモデリング.
- モデル予測と観察されたアニソトロピーパターンの比較.
主要な成果:
- 密集した下方弧の地殻の沈殿によって引き起こされる小規模なコンベクションは,実際に溝の平行アニソトロピーを生み出します.
- このメカニズムは,スラブ・ロールバックなしの直角収束の設定でもアニソトロピーを説明します.
- それは,多様な火山の弧の設定でアニソトロピーの統一された説明を提供します.
結論:
- 密集した下方弧地殻の鋳造と,その後の小規模なコンベクションは,溝並列の地震アニソトロピーの主要な原動力である.
- このメカニズムは,以前に提案されたモデルよりもより包括的な説明を提供します.
- この過程を理解することは,火山の弧の下のマントルの動態を解釈する上で極めて重要です.
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