大陸の炭素吸収槽に及ぼすオゾン効果による気候変化の間接的な放射的強制作用
S Sitch1, P M Cox, W J Collins
1Met Office, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research (JCHMR), Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK. stephen.sitch@metoffice.gov.uk
Nature
|July 27, 2007
まとめ
トロポスフィアのオゾン濃度の上昇は,土地の炭素吸収を大幅に減らし,植物の生産性に影響を及ぼします. この効果は,オゾン層よりも地球温暖化を加速させる可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 気候科学 気候科学
- バイオジオケミカルサイクルとは
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
背景:
- 地球の気候の進化は,大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) を陸と海の炭素循環によって除去することに依存しています.
- 以前の気候モデルでは,大気中の化学的変化,特に大気圏内のオゾン層の上昇を無視していた.
- 化石燃料とバイオマスの燃焼により,世界の平均熱層オゾンが倍増し,さらなる増加が予測されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 予測される熱帯圏オゾン変化が陸上の炭素吸収槽に与える影響を定量化するために.
- オゾン,二酸化炭素,および植物口腔閉塞の相互作用を調査する.
- 地球温暖化に対するオゾンの間接的な放射性強制効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 光合成に対するオゾン沉積効果を組み込んだ地球規模の陸上炭素循環モデルを使用した.
- オゾンとCO2の相互作用は,口腔の閉塞メカニズムを介して考慮した.
- フィールド実験から得られた感度パラメータを使用した.
主要な成果:
- トロポスフィアのオゾン層の予想される増加は,地球上の土地の炭素吸収を大幅に抑制します.
- 植物の生産性に対するオゾンの悪影響は,大気中のCO2の蓄積を増加させる.
- 植物効果によるオゾンによる間接的な放射能強制は,直接的な放射能強制を上回る可能性があります.
結論:
- トロポスフィアのオゾンの植物生産性への影響は,気候変動の重要な,これまで過小評価されていた要因です.
- オゾンに対する陸上の炭素吸収器の反応は,気候予測の見直しを必要としています.
- オゾンが気候に及ぼす間接的な影響は,気候変動政策におけるさらなる調査と検討を正当化します.
さらに関連する動画
07:32Monitoring Pedogenic Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Due to Weathering of Amended Silicate Minerals in Agricultural Soils.
Published on: June 4, 2021
07:46Temperature Response of Soil Organic Matter Decomposition Rates: Construction and Applications of a Temperature Gradient Block
Published on: January 30, 2026
関連する概念動画
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
The Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
What is Climate?
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Microbes and the Carbon Cycle
The carbon cycle is a fundamental Earth process involving the transfer of carbon among the biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. It plays a critical role in regulating the planet’s climate and supporting life by cycling carbon through various chemical forms and reservoirs. Carbon primarily circulates as carbon dioxide (CO₂), representing its oxidized form, while reduced forms such as methane (CH₄) and organic compounds also play essential roles.Microbial activity is central to...
Microbes and Climate Change
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
